Abstract
The aim of the study is a comprehensive description of the linguistic features of the Karachay-Balkar toponyms with the colorative къара “black”. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that these toponyms by the material of the Karachay-Balkar language have not yet been the subject of special study. As a result of the study, a structural-semantic and grammatical analysis of the considered category of onyms was carried out; affixes through which they are formed were identified. It has been established that, structurally, the studied toponyms are one-, two-, and three-component constructions. One-word toponyms are represented by simple derivative lexemes. The results obtained showed that two-component units are the most frequent, in the vast majority of which the “adjective + noun” model is implemented, although three-component units are also found, structured according to the pattern of izafet I. Three-element constructions are mainly represented by a model that includes the adjective къара and two substantives of different semantics. The article reveals the motivational characteristics of the units under study. Among one-place and three-place toponyms, units with an indirect representation of the feature prevail in quantitative terms, while direct nomination dominates in two-place toponyms. Colour vocabulary is of great importance in the formation of the toponymy of the Karachay-Balkar language.
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