Научно-технологическая карьера: социальное измерение и социологическая интерпретация

Abstract

The article provides the definition of science and technology careers and emphasizes such characteristic as innovation orientation. It characterizes the social dimension ofthe young professionals’ career. On specific material, their career development path as well as the conditions, which are conducive to it are reviewed. It provides a support program of the modern science and technology careers from state and business structures. Measures are proposed for the introduction of an educational tax on manufacturing companies and diversification of funding sources, providing balanced career development path of innovation implementers in high technology industries. This will allow meeting the “great challenges” of modern social and economic development, ensuring success of the import substitution strategy, creating optimum conditions to recognize and use science and technology potential in complicated circumstances of the global competition, as well as the human resource assets of the country. In this regard, it is important to study development trends in science and technology, as well as the characteristics of social dimension of the modern career, giving them sociological interpretation. It is emphasized that the conditions conducive to the career development path through the stimulation of innovation activity, particularly important for enterprises, are focused on the functioning and implementation of advanced technologies on the on hand, and universities and higher education institutions, offering their inventions, on the other hand. The regulation of science and technology (especially with an innovation characteristic) careers suppose the reformatting of the staff turnover system taking into account the need to overcome such diverse barriers on the way toward realization as consequences of the “demographic gap” during the staffing of innovative enterprises and bureaucratic limitations during the career development path of innovation implementers, and also stimulation of breakthrough innovation due to measures of advanced material and moral incentives. Innovation is defined by nonlinearity and throw-in efficient surprises that set new challenges to the system of their capture and fixation.