КРИСТАЛЛОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОЦЕНКИ ЭНЕРГИИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ЧАСТИЦ ГЛИНИСТЫХ МИНЕРАЛОВ

Abstract

The goal of the paper is to analyze the changes in mineral crystal lattice under acid activation. Methods. Clay from the Slyudyanka deposit is the material under investigation. The methods used in the study include x-ray phase analysis using Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer. The diffractogram is recorded using the EVA program installed on a PC in combination with the diffractometer. The quantitative composition is calculated using the Topas 3.0 program. The study also uses the methods of scanning microscopy of the oriented sample, titrimetric analysis methods (the methods of neutralization and complexometry 0; conductivity measurement (determination of solution electrical conductivity); potentiometric measurements (determination of electrokinetic potential at electrophoresis); sedimentation analysis in gravitational and centrifugal fields. Modern databases and Excel are used for thermodynamic calculations. Results. Crystallochemical analysis of mineral structure and thermodynamic assessment of process spontaneous flow conditions allowed to explain the nature of the potential curve after acid activation of the clay from the Slyudyanka deposit. The extreme nature of this dependence is associated with the changes in the field of force on the surface of particles as a result of the flow of the complex of physico-chemical interactions, the most important of which are interactions of backbone ions with the components of environment. In its turn, the changes in the interaction energy of clay particle weight calculated by the results of colloid-chemical studies allow to analyze the processes occurring in the crystal lattice of clay under acid activation. Experimental data confirm the similarity of some patterns of acid activation of clay minerals associated to the fact that the process is accompanied by the washout of ions from the crystal lattice skeleton and formation of structure defects. The defects of crystal lattice causing the disturbance of its regularity, the transition of surface silica in amorphous state provide the change in both system dispersion and porosity of clay samples. Conclusions. It is more preferable to use the acid activation for the production of mineral sorbents with developed porosity when minerals with an expanding structural cell are used as a source material.