Применение топологической оптимизации при проектировании элементов грузозахватных устройств

Abstract

The article provides guidelines for the implementation of conceptual topology optimization. By «conceptual» is meant optimization, the result of which is not a specific design solution, but a rational topology – a structure that best transmits the given force flows. In accordance with the above recommendations, it is proposed to carry out optimization in the following sequence: determining the object of study, searching for points of application of external forces to the object and substantiating (if necessary) their most rational relative location, determining the nature of external forces at the points of their application, applying connections, taking into account other factors and analysis of the results with their possible refinement. Particular attention is paid to the issue of constructing a loading diagram for topology optimization, which, in the author’s opinion, largely determines the success of solving the problem. A correctly prepared loading diagram should take into account all the most unfavorable combinations of loads. Recommendations on the most rational construction of loading diagrams are given. The recommendations given in the article are tested on a practical example, which considers the procedure for optimizing the load grip lever. Such a grip has a complex nature of loading, and therefore its most rational structure is not obvious. Therefore, in order to search for a rational design of its elements, it is advisable to use conceptual topology optimization. Optimization made it possible to reduce the mass of the lever of such a grip by 42%. At the same time, the strength of the new solution increased by 15%, and the stiffness increased by 49%.