БЕЗПЕКА ДЕСТИНАЦІЙ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ТУРИЗМУ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ЗАГРОЗ

Abstract

The article deals with the analysis of current threats to the development of different levels of tourism systems in the context of international tourism security, as well as the substantiation of international tourism destinations development directions in the crisis. Approaches to understanding tourism safety and security are generalized taking into account the peculiarities of international tourism development in crisis conditions. A structural and functional model of the international tourism destination has been developed. It has been established that global threats and challenges are key factors influencing the functioning of international tourism destinations, especially in times of crisis. While threats require a response from the destination and the tourist systems of which it is a part, the challenges need to be adapted first and foremost. The main global threats to the development of tourism in modern conditions have been identified. There are three groups of problems that need to be addressed in the context of ensuring the safety and security of international tourism: problems of forming the image of international tourism destinations; problems of social adaptation of foreign tourists within the destination; problems with providing feedback to foreign tourists. In the context of global threats, which in some periods intensify and cause crises in the development of tourism in many countries, the functioning of international tourism destinations requires the development and implementation of a system of measures aimed, in particular, to optimize social adaptation of tourists. The proposed system of measures aimed at ensuring the safety of tourism in international destinations, together with compliance with generally accepted norms and safety standards, will allow regional and local tourism systems to withstand crisis periods with minimal losses. The reserve option for the development of international tourism destinations during periods of intensification of global threats is the reorientation to domestic tourism. It is worth noting that this direction of adaptation is especially promising for large and diverse in natural and cultural characteristics of countries, including Ukraine.