Abstract

The purpose of this work was to establish the informative value of methods of structural analysis of biological fluids in determining the prospects of using atherina (Atherina boyeri caspia (Risso, 1810)) as a source of dietary protein in aquaculture. For the first time, solid-phase structures of atherina muscle homogenates were studied. It is known that the solid phase of biological fluids formed under conditions of wedge-shaped dehydration is a visualization of biochemical processes occurring in an organism or organ. The study of the morphological picture of a dried drop (facies) makes it possible to establish associative links between the features of the structuring of the studied liquid and its composition, as well as to determine the nature of the impact of environmental factors on a living system. The results of the study made it possible to establish the main type of homogenate facies and its morphological parameters, which indicate the consistency of biochemical processes and the presence of high-grade protein in the muscle tissue of the Caspian atherina, caught both in the spring and autumn seasons. The size and weight parameters of fish, the content of water-soluble protein in muscle tissue are characterized. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the level of water-soluble protein and solid-phase structures of muscle homogenates of Caspian atherina caught in different seasons in the coastal waters of Dagestan was carried out. Atherina is a food component for many fish living in the Caspian Sea. It was determined that in October, the content of muscle water-soluble protein in atherina tended to increase relative to March. During the feeding period, the accumulated part of the protein components turns into lipid components, which accumulate intensively, therefore, there are no significant seasonal differences in the content of water-soluble protein. It has been established that the biochemical processes occurring in muscle tissues are reflected in the solid-phase structures of biological fluids formed under conditions of wedge-shaped dehydration. The obtained results of the trend towards an increase in water-soluble muscle proteins in the body and an increase in the population in recent years indicate the importance of the use of Caspian atherina in the quality of live feed at fish farms.

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