ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ РІВНЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The article deals with theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the level of energy security, which is one of the most important components of the national security of the state. The evolution of theoretical foundations of energy security research is considered, and the definition of energy security is generalized. Based on the analysis of the main provisions of the Energy Security Strategy, it is determined that the Strategy needs to be revised and improved in connection with the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. In order to determine the level of energy security of Ukraine, the article considers a universal methodology of identification and strategizing, which compares the state of different spheres and substantiates strategic scenarios of security development. The system of indicators for determining the level of energy security of Ukraine, which includes a reduced set of 48 indicators, divided into 7 groups, is studied. Such as threats, challenges, risks, resilience of the energy sector, energy supply, and subjects of energy security. Integral assessment methods are used to evaluate the level of energy security compared to threshold values of indicators. Based on these indicators, it was found that the energy sector of Ukraine has been in a state of danger since 2006. Short-term, long-term and strategic measures to improve the level of energy security of Ukraine are presented. The article states that energy security is one of the main components of national security. Today, Ukraine is in the article of energy danger, therefore, to improve the situation, integration with Europe, development of renewable energy, political reforms and electrification of transport are needed.