Abstract
An experimental coulter with a furrow closing device made in the form of two spring fingers attached to the coulter body was developed, manufactured and studied by scientists of the Penza State Agrarian University to improve one of the quality indicators of sowing seeds of grain crops (seed layout per unit length or sowing step). Seeder SZ-5.4, equipped with experimental coulters, was used for laboratory and field research. The influence of the speed of the sowing unit on the uneven distribution of seeds per unit length of the furrow was studied. An adequate mathematical model has been found, and a graphical dependence has been constructed that characterizes the uneven distribution of seeds along the length of the row on the speed of the sowing unit, which includes a grain seeder equipped with coulters with furrow closing devices made in the form of two spring pins attached to the coulter body. The adequacy of the model is checked by the approximation confidence factor. It was found that the interval of values from 6.5 to 11.2 km/h can be considered the optimal value of the speed of the sowing unit. Reducing the unsatisfactory layout of seeds per unit length, which in turn will have an impact on increasing the yield of the crop produced, as well as reducing the cost of its production, will occur in this speed range.
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