СПЕЦИФІКА СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ АДАПТАЦІЇ МІГРАНТІВ В ПРИЙМАЮЧОМУ ПОЛІКУЛЬТУРНОМУ СУСПІЛЬСТВІ

Abstract

The article analyzes the migration causes; assessment of the migrants’ safety of themselves and their close people in new conditions, relationships with indigenous peoples, nostalgic experiences, themselves, their capabilities in new living conditions. In general, there are positive tendencies in the migrants’ involvement in another cultural environment. There are data, which confirm the existence of 6 socio-psychological adaptation types: adaptive, conformal, interactive, depressive, nostalgic, alienated. The most common among migrants are adaptive, conformal, and interactive types, the other three occur much less frequently.Comparative analysis of socio-psychological adaptation types revealed a number of significant differences between them. Yes, adaptive, conformal, and interactive strategies are characterized by acculturation strategies such as integration and assimilation; for depressive, nostalgic, and alienated types – separation and marginalization.Described are statistically significant differences between migrants with different types of adaptation on the indicator “Acceptance of othersо. Yes, adaptive, conformal, interactive migrants are ready to make contacts and interact with indigenous peoples, as opposed to depressed, nostalgic, and alienated types.The correlation between socio-psychological adaptation peculiarities and personality traits is analyzed, as a result of which there are indicated negative connections between “adaptabilityо, “self-acceptanceо, and “acceptance of othersо, “dominance desireо, emotional comfortо indicators and separation with marginalization strategies. Thus, the higher the other cultural migrants’ performance, the more pronounced the predominance of integration and assimilation strategies and, therefore, the greater migrants’ adaptive capacity.It is proved that the migrants’ adaptation type and the subject psychological characteristics expressiveness degree and their relationship with each other determine the specificity of the migrants’ adaptation process to the new socio-cultural environment. Thus, adaptive, conformal, and interactive types representatives demonstrate positive acculturation strategies (separation, assimilation), which greatly contributes to the positive tendency of the socio-psychological adaptation process. Depressed, nostalgic, and alienated migrants are prone to marginalization and separation, which negatively affects the process of a new socio-cultural environment entering.