Abstract
The purpose of research. To evaluate the response of varieties and populations of seed alfalfa under different environments and to determine the best not only in terms of drought resistance, but also in terms of productivity under stress conditions with their further use in the breeding process. Methods. Research was conducted at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the NAAS (now the Institute of climate smart agriculture of the NAAS) during 2017–2020. The object of study was 24 alfalfa populations for seed use. Resistance of alfalfa genotypes to stress was carried out using various mathematical indices and biplot analysis. Results. The hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) in 2017, 2018 and 2020 varied between 0.51 and 0.55, indicating very dry climatic conditions, while in 2019 it was 0.88, corresponding to dry conditions. 11 populations were characterized by high yield (>400 kg/ha) under stressful conditions. However, the best of these populations, which formed the highest seed productivity in the range of 445.5–472.1 kg/ha, A.–N. d. No. 15, Sin(c). / Prymorka and M.g. / CPU–11. According to the largest number of indices (9), the populations of A.–N. d. No. 15 and Sin(s). / Prymorka. Populations of M.g. / CP–11, which was characterized by the highest yield under stress, stood out according to four indices. The population T. / Emeraude population, which was characterized by one of the smallest reductions in yield and high yield under worse conditions, was distinguished by seven indices. Correlations between seed yield under different growing conditions and drought resistance indices were also analyzed. According to the results of GGE biplot analysis, the most drought–resistant population of M.g. / CP–11, Sin(s) population. / Prymorka and A.–N.d. No. 15 form a high yield of seeds under both conditions, and the selection according to k.s. has low productivity under worse conditions, but dramatically improves it when growing conditions are improved. Conclusions. The most promising alfalfa populations are identified and divided into groups by seed productivity.
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