ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ КАДРЫ В БРЯНСКОМ УЕЗДЕ ОРЛОВСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ НА РУБЕЖЕ XIX- XX ВЕКОВ: СОЦИАЛЬНО- СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ

Abstract

In the light of such a direction of sociology as "social structure, social institutions and processes" (22.00.04), it is important to consider such a fundamental social institution as education. The article deals with the issues of training teachers in the diachronic aspect. A socio-sociological analysis of the state of the issue in a particular region of Russia-the Bryansk district of the Oryol province at such a time interval as the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The relevance of the review of historical experience in the selection and training of teaching staff is not in doubt. The success of education at all times depended crucially on the level of teaching. In modern society, the issues of education reform are very acute, so it is legitimate to turn to the historical past. After the peasant reform, the need for educated people increased dramati- cally, and consequently, it was necessary to train many teachers. Various long-term and short-term pedagogical courses have played a huge role in improving the skills of teachers. The following research methods were used for data analysis: historical, sociological, and quantitative methods of data analysis (one-dimensional statistical analysis). A deep analysis of the source base of the study-the works of Gusev D.V., Zabolotny N.F., Kos- modamianskogo M., Sokolov Ya.D., materials of the state archives of the Bryansk and Oryol regions. The results of the study are that the system of training teachers in this period of time is analyzed, and a detailed picture of this phe- nomenon is given in a single district of the Russian Empire. This analysis is necessary for applying historical experience in modern conditions - during the period of systemic innovations in Russian education. The results of historical and archival research can be applied in such fields of knowledge as regional history, educational history, his- torical local history, and sociology.