Міжнародний досвід регулювання земельних відносин та його адаптація в Україні

Abstract

Abstract. The article reveals ways of adapting the international experience of regulating land relations in Ukraine. The experience of France, Great Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Germany was analyzed. It was found that Ukraine should search for its vectors of development of land relations, answering a large number of complex questions that will arise during this process. Areas of regulation of land relations in foreign countries worthy of implementation in Ukraine are highlighted: to ensure prioritization of the agrarian and ecological system; to develop a risk management system that determines the relevance, modernity and effectiveness of preventive means of public management of land relations; to activate the further development of the cadastral system; to involve the public in management in the field of land relations, which will include the following areas: integrated village development projects, production of agricultural products; stability of agricultural production volumes, which is determined by a powerful subsidy system, etc.; to ensure the distribution of land according to the "effective owner" rule, which provides for the provision of land plots to owners who manage the land independently, live in the given territory and contribute to the development of local infrastructure and filling of the local budget; to ensure that agricultural lands are under state control in order to eliminate speculative transactions with land resources and to prevent fragmentation of peasant farms and the lands included in them when the owner changes; create companies like the French SAFER with the aim of establishing fixed prices for agricultural land, creating a single national base of agricultural land, protecting small and medium-sized businesses, preventing the spread of unemployment in territorial communities; organize small businesses and create jobs on the territory of small administrative units with large intensive highly specialized farms and small specialized farms; to regulate the agricultural land market using such levers as: prices, taxes, quantitative restrictions on sales, acquisition and use of land, state ordering of agricultural products, etc.