ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ И ПЛАСТИЧНОСТЬ СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БАШКОРТОСТАН

Abstract

The study aimed to establish the ecological plasticity and stability of yield in winter wheat varieties grown in the Republic of Bashkortostan. To achieve this goal, field experiments were conducted in 2017– 2021 at the Dyurtyulinsky State Variety Testing Site (the southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan). The parameters of ecological plasticity (bi) and stability (σ 2 d) were calculated according to S.A. Eberchart, W.A. Rassel, yield range (d) and stress resistance were measured according to A.A. Rossille, J. Hamblin. The yield of winter wheat varieties grown in the Republic of Bashkortostan showed significant variation due to the changes in agrometeorological conditions over the years. The share of the effect the year conditions had on the yield was 64.3 %. Based on a set of indicators the study established that winter wheat varieties Umka and Skipetr demonstrated relatively high stability and the Fotinya variety showed low stability of yield in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Varieties Skipetr and Bezenchukskaya 380 had the highest genetic flexibility. The Fotinha variety demonstrated the lowest genetic flexibility. Winter wheat varieties Fotinya and Bezenchukskaya 380 had the highest ecological plasticity: they showed a good response to the improved growing conditions; they can be classified as an intensive type. Low ecological plasticity was established in varieties Umka and Moskovskaya 39.