ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕМИКСОВ И БОЛЮСОВ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО МОЛОКА КОРОВ

Abstract

In a comparative aspect, the result of providing cows with minerals and vitamins through boluses and premixes is presented. The studies were carried out in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2019 on three groups of cows, 15 animals each. The first (control) group of cows received a feeding ration with the P60-1/C premix during the dry period, and after calving - with the P60-3 premix for 60 days. Cows of the second and third groups on the first day of the dry period received Bolus-1 and Bolus-2, respectively (2 boluses) once, and after calving - a ration with P60-3 premix for 60 days. The experiment was carried out according to the method of A.I. Ovsyannikov. The results were processed according to A.N. Plokhinsky. Milk production was monitored daily for 60 days. Physicochemical parameters of milk were determined using the device “Laktan 1-4” on the 60th day of lactation. In animals that received boluses, milk production in terms of basis fat was higher on average by 3.7%. The increase in productivity in cows of the second group was significant relative to that in cows of the first group (p <0.05). When boluses are used in animal feed rations, the most effective use of diet components is noted: in the second and third groups, 4.17 and 4.16% less metabolic energy was spent on the production of 1 kg of milk of base fat content and by 3.06 and 3.05 % respectively less crude protein. The largest mass fraction of protein was in the milk of cows in the control group - 2.92% (p <0.001), and the mass fraction of fat - in cows receiving Bolus-1 (3.88%). The milk of cows receiving Bolus-2 was characterized by the highest density (30.58 ° A, p <0.05). The use of premixes and boluses did not affect the SNF content in milk