Анализ основных пожарных рисков в странах мира и в России

Abstract

The article presents the main results of the study of fire risks in different countries and territorial units of Russia in 2014, as well as their trends in a some countries. The study is accompanied by a large number of graphic material, helps the perception of statistical data analysis. The major fire risk are considered: the number of fires per 1000 inh. per year, the number of fire deaths per 100 fires and number of fire deaths per 100 thous. inh. per year. All presented demonstrated the risks of fire danger levels in a given administrative territorial unit (city, region, country), and allow to compare the levels in different areas and explore their temporal trends. At the international level, the analysis of fire risks presented for 35 countries of the world in 2014. The greatest values of fire risk have Latvia, the Netherlands, Estonia and Austria, the lowest values - Vietnam, Japan, Liechtenstein and Kyrgyzstan. The highest values of the fire death risk are observed in Belarus, Russia, Moldova and Ukraine, the lowest values - in Western Europe and Asia. On the inside of the Russian level shows the distribution of the fire risks by the regional centers and by the subjects of the Russian Federation. The greatest values of fire risk have the Far East District, the lowest values - the North Caucasus region and Moscow. The situation is similar to the fire death risk. The study shows the trends of the fire death risk in 6 countries (the Soviet Union, Russia, the US, China, Britain and Germany) for 55 years in the period from 1959 to 2014. It is shown how various changes in society (political, socio-economic, fire safety issues) affected to the change of fire risks in the countries represented. On the basis of the analyzed distributions of fire risks demonstrated significant differences in the parameters of the fire situation between different countries and in the territorial units of the Russian Federation.