РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ПОНЯТІЙНОГО АПАРАТУ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

Abstract

The article is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the conceptual apparatus of economic security of enterprise. The article notes that many factors influence the development of the conceptual apparatus of economic security of enterprise and are constantly transforming, following the current requirements of the business and scientific environment, which requires further research, improvement, and generalization of existing results. In the process of studying the scientific publications of leading scientists, the following periodization was identified: the initial formation of the category (mid-90s - 2007), standardization and generalization (2008-2021), and updating and supplementation (from 2022 to the present). The first stage is associated with the economic crisis and bankruptcy of enterprises, which intensified scientific research. The second stage is characterized by the standardization of approaches and the development of analytical tools. The third stage includes adapting the concept to new challenges, including military aggression. Based on the retrospective analysis of definitions, the author identifies and substantiates the key and most important features of the category of economic security of an enterprise. This helped to formulate the author's own interpretation of this category, namely: economic security of an enterprise is an active state of protection of the economic system of an enterprise from negative impacts of internal and external environments, which is ensured by efficient use of available resources, as well as a set of measures to identify, assess and algorithms for neutralizing threats of various nature (reducing the impact, avoiding, accepting or transferring threats), with a view to sustainable functioning and dynamic development of an enterprise, as well as the possibility of Based on the generalization of approaches and the author's own interpretation, a general scheme of the mechanism of economic security of enterprise is developed. It is noted that the main function in providing analytics on the status of resources, systems, stakeholders, goals, and strategies is assigned to the monitoring and forecasting system, which is combined with all elements of the mechanism. Its functions are developing and tracking metrics, monitoring, and evaluating efficiency, analysing internal and external environments, controlling implementation, and forecasting.