Стяженные формы аналитической конструкции -(ы)п ий- в чалканском языке

Abstract

Analytical verb constructions in the Chalkan language undergo phonetic changes during the contraction process. In this paper, the analytical construction with the auxiliary verb iy- ‘to send’ is considered for the first time in comparison with the conjugation paradigm of a simple verb. This methodology enabled us to comprehensively depict the phonetic alterations observed in the paradigmatic structures of verbal analytical constructions. It was found that the Chalkan language exhibits the merging of not only analytical constructions into one word but also contractions within verb forms. Therefore, it is possible for temporal and personal indicators to be completely or partially omitted, and the lexical basis may be subject to reduction. The synthesis processes lead to the simplification of the outer phonetic structure of verbal word forms while simultaneously complicating the system of morphological forms of the verb. When verb analytic constructions are contracted depending on the tense markers, the auxiliary verb iy- ‘to send’ preserves its full or contracted form. When being conjugated, the verbs in the past tense on -gyn and the future tense on -yr in a positive form retain only the anlaut narrow vowel i- from the auxiliary verb iy- ‘to send.’ In the past tense forms on -dy, -tyr and the present tense forms on -yp tʹyt-, two variants can be used: the first, with full retention of the auxiliary verb iy-‘to send’ and the second, with partial retention of only the anlaut vowel i-.