Abstract
The relevance of the study of methodological problems is due to the growing interest in the search for appropriate tools that meet the requirements of the validity and suitability of its application to specific objects of research practice. This article proposes to discuss the model of convergence of philosophical and general scientific approaches in social and humanitarian knowledge, formed on the principles of methodological pluralism, dialogue and synthesis. Based on the results of the analysis of the evolution of social and humanitarian knowledge, correlations were established between the content of social theories and the system-deterministic, structural-functional, system-activity, situational and synergetic approaches. It was determined that the use of synthetic methodology contributed to the consideration of social phenomena in various cognitive planes, consistently forming the idea of objects of social reality: as deterministic systems, the vital activity of which is based on the main subsystem; as systems consisting of elements that perform important functions, which ensures the integrity of their structure; as reflexive-activity systems that react to the acts of the subjects of social interaction; as self-organizing systems in the process of continuous formation.
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