Влияние акубаротравмы на состояние слуха в условиях современного вооруженного конфликта

Abstract

The blast shock wave is the main damaging factor in conditions of modern armed conflict. The effect on the body of a loud sound and a sharp increase in air pressure in the environment leads to the development of acubarotrauma. The value of sanitary losses of the otorhinolaryngological profile amounted to 6.5% of the total number of requests for medical care at the advanced stage of providing specialized care. Damage to the ENT organs by a blast wave with the development of acubarotrauma out of the total number of sanitary losses of the otorhinolaryngological profile was 38%. The development of protective equipment has changed the nature of damage to the head and neck area toward a significant decrease in the number of isolated damages of the auditory system. A combination of acubarotrauma with shrapnel wounds of the head was observed in 17% of cases; with closed-head injury, in 43%; with shrapnel wounds of the upper and lower extremities, in 26%; with mechanical injuries, in 13%. Depending on the location of the victim relative to the shelter, the remoteness of the damaging factor, distinctive complaints, the nature of damage to the tympanic membrane, and acumetry data, 4 types of acubarotrauma were identified that can be used to determine the medical and evacuation characteristics of the victims. Timely provision of medical care, depending on the nature of the acubarotrauma, will allow the most effective use of the rehabilitation potential of a particular victim at the following stages of treatment.