Abstract
The article reveals the essence of the Bolshevik ideas on significant changes in the architectural appearance of a collective farm village, due to the conduct of complete collectivization in Russia. The author analyzes the circumstances that forced the Bolsheviks to abandon the radical projects of housing restructuring and agree with the preservation of individual house-building and personal subsidiary (personal) farming. The article shows the consolidation of the agricultural artel' (agricultural cooperative) as the main form of collective farm construction, the orientation toward the traditional family, the negative attitude of the peasantry towards the communes as factors that ensured the fixation of the parameters of the individual collective farm in the 1936 Constitution of the USSR.
Highlights
The article reveals the essence of the Bolshevik ideas on significant changes in the architectural appearance of a collective farm village, due to conducing complete collectivization in Russia
The article shows the consolidation of the agricultural artel' as the main form of collective farm construction, the orientation toward the traditional family, the negative attitude of the peasantry towards the communes as factors that ensured the fixation of the parameters of the individual collective farm in the 1936 Constitution of the USSR
Казачество Юга России в 30-е годы ХХ века: исторические коллизии и опыт преобразований: дис
Summary
С этой целью революционные романтики создавали в Советской России дома-коммуны, планировали сделать их «образцовыми домами для трудящихся и школой коллективизма, освободить женщину от рабского домашнего труда, приучить людей к самоуправлению и способствовать отмиранию семьи и переустройству быта» [Орлов 2010: 117]. Речь шла о ликвидации частных жилищ и переводе деревни на рельсы коммунального общежития путем строительства многоэтажных и многоквартирных домов. Как они полагали, «основной формой колхозного движения станет коммуна» [Фигуровская 1983: 262], члены которой не будут жить в отдельных частных домах, а переселятся в многоквартирные общежития.
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