МЕХАНІЗМИ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО УКОРІНЕНОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The article reveals the specifics of the use of digital technologies in political campaigns. In particular, based on a comparative analysis, the experience of using these technologies in the political process of the USA, the EU and the Russian Federation is compared. It is noted that artificial intelligence technologies are most often used in political campaigns, namely targeted advertising, Big Data and the use of cryptocurrency based on blockchain technology to finance political campaigns. It is in this direction that the development of regulatory legal acts regulating the use of digital technologies is also underway. Insufficient elaboration of the issues of the use of digital technologies in the political sphere provides significant opportunities for research. The purpose of the article is to identify the main directions of using digital technologies in political campaigns. The following general scientific methods were used to analyze the results obtained: description, analysis, synthesis. An important role was played by the method of comparative analysis, which allows comparing the use of digital technologies in the USA, EU countries and Russia, as well as obtaining the most representative indicators. The authors have developed criteria and indicators for comparing the use of basic digital technologies by different countries and evaluated them on a 5-point scale. The article also used SWOT analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the introduction of digital technologies in political campaigns, as well as to demonstrate the opportunities and threats of their use. The results of comparative and SWOT analysis showed that the use of digital technologies in the Russian Federation and the European Union are approximately at the same level, with the exception of the introduction of Big Data - it is much higher in the EU. The highest degree of implementation of digital technologies is typical for the United States. The article reveals a direct relationship between the degree of regulatory regulation of end-to-end technologies and the level of their dissemination, which indicates the need to maintain a reasonable balance in the legislative regulation of innovative technologies. There is also a tendency to increase the use of digital technologies in Russian political practice, which increases the responsibility of political actors for ensuring the security of personal data of citizens. The article concludes that the development and implementation of digital technologies in modern Russian political life requires the development of a regulatory framework to protect the privacy of citizens and ensure the ethics and transparency of their application. The state should act as a coordinating intermediary between political actors and IT campaigns in order to develop and integrate digital technologies into political campaigns at various levels.

The article presents a study of the current state of the use of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex. The development of the agro-industrial complex in the conditions of the digital economy involves the use of innovative, digital, cluster, information and computer technologies, as well as new managerial, economic, organizational methods, with fundamentally new properties, which are aimed at increasing the efficiency of production, management and implementation for all areas of the agro-industrial complex. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation, digital standards, types of digital technologies, the paper considers the types of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex and the possibility of their use for future development. The methodological basis of the study was the works of domestic scientists-economists on the development of innovations and digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex; general scientific research methods (abstract-logical, economic-statistical, etc.) were used, as well as open analytical materials on the development of digital technologies, the use of artificial intelligence and neural networks in the agro-industrial complex, etc. The article reveals that the range of digital technologies currently being created for the agro-industrial complex is diverse and it is aimed at solving a set of problems: growth of output and the efficiency of the agricultural enterprise, introduction of artificial intelligence; creation of insight based on images; determination of the optimal mixture for agronomic products; monitoring the state of crops; methods of automating irrigation and stimulating farmers, etc. As world best practices show, the use of digital technologies in agriculture makes it possible to achieve economic growth in the industry. However, the main problem of introducing digital technologies in agriculture is the high cost of their implementation.

Despite the successful development of vaccines, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to present unprecedented challenges. Besides the ongoing vaccination activities, many countries still rely on measures including social distancing, contact tracing, mandatory face masking among others. Several digital technologies such as smart devices, social distancing tools, smart applications have been adopted to enhance public adherence to reduce secondary transmission. Such technologies use health data, symptoms monitoring, mobility, location and proximity data for contact tracing, self-isolation and quarantine compliance. The use of digital technologies has been debatable and contentious because of the potential violation of ethical values such as security and privacy, data format and management, synchronization, over-tracking, over-surveillance and lack of proper development and implementation guidelines which subsequently impact their efficacy and adoption. Also, the aggressive and mandatory use of large-scale digital technologies is not easy to implement, adhere to and subsequently difficult to practice which ultimately lead to imperfect public compliance. To alleviate these impediments, we analysed the available literature and propose an ethical framework for the use of digital technologies centred on ethical practices. The proposed framework highlights the trade-offs, potential roles and coordination of different stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of digital technologies, from various social and political contexts in Zimbabwe. We suggest that transparency, regular engagement and participation of potential users are likely to boost public trust. However, the potential violation of ethical values, poor communication, hasty implementation of digital technologies will likely undermine public trust, and as such, risk their adoption and efficacy.

The article deals with digital technologies used at Russian industrial enterprises. The problems, which the enterprises face at introduction of digital technologies, are marked. The risks of digitalization are noted. The relevance of the article is determined by the important influence of digitalization in the development of the world's population of the economy and society as a whole. Modern social development is linked to digital technologies. The importance of digital technologies in modern social and economic conditions is due to the growing attention of company management to the introduction of digital technologies for the future development of enterprises in the market. Therefore, the use of digital technologies not only increases the efficiency of the enterprise, but also enhances the economic position of the country. The digitalization of national productive forces will make it possible to remain competitive in the market. In a post-industrial society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the use of digital technology in industrial enterprises. The objectives of the work include - consideration of enterprises with the use of modern marketing tools; identification of risks and obstacles in the introduction of digital technologies at the enterprise; analysis of the use of digital technology in enterprises. As a result of the research, the digital technologies applied at Russian enterprises were analyzed. The used digital marketing tools are considered, risks and obstacles of use and implementation of digital technologies at enterprises are marked, efficiency of use of digital technologies at modern enterprises is marked.

მცირე ბიზნესში ციფრული და კოგნიტური ტექნოლოგიების გამოყენების აქტუალურობა გლობალური პანდემიის პირობებში

The article is devoted to the study of the current stage of technological transformation in the aspect of the leading sectors of the Russian economy, which are crucial in the development and strengthening of the country's position in the global technological leadership. Based on a study of current trends in the technological transformation of industries and statistical data analysis, reflecting the main results of the level of technological transformation of leading industries, the assessment of their development in the use and implementation of digital technologies, the most technologically advanced industries were identified. The determining factors of sectoral specifics of technological transformation at the present stage are sectoral characteristics and provision of innovative solutions, the development of digital infrastructure, which forms the features of the technological transformation of industries, its directions and pace of development. It is noted that industries with a high level of concentration, dominated by large businesses with access to significant investment resources, show greater progress in digitalization, and small and medium-sized enterprises lag behind in the rate of implementation of new digital solutions. The main problems of differentiation of industries in the level of technological development, which acts as a barrier to the implementation and development of digital technology in the economic and social spheres, were identified. Effective solutions in this area must involve the formation of appropriate digital infrastructure, comprehensive measures of state support and regulation of the data market, which will increase the level of technological development of industries, including reducing the technological gap between them.

The article summarizes the experience of leading countries in the world in the implementation of digital technologies and services by agricultural producers and justifies the directions of its use in domestic practice. The main global risks and the impact of Russia's unprovoked invasion, which affect the development of the domestic agricultural economy, are highlighted, and the conclusion is drawn about the need to intensify the processes of introducing digital technologies and services into the activities of the industry producers. The main programs of the agricultural digitalization program, which were allocated by the World Bank, are revealed, namely: climate-smart agriculture; digital advisory services; digital financial services; digital market connections. The strategic programs for the digitalization of agriculture in the European Union are highlighted, which present the goals of digital transformation by 2030, which provide for an increase in public and private investments in artificial intelligence, preparatory work for socio-economic changes, and ensuring the appropriate ethical and legal framework. The main financial support tools for both European farmers and developers of digital technologies are summarized, which will contribute to the use of advantages in ensuring sustainable development of agriculture. The experience of the USA is studied, where the digitalization of agriculture is carried out on the basis of the spread of the following digital technologies: satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle visualization systems, Internet of Things (IoT) sensing systems, robotic systems. Bottlenecks in the practice of using digital technologies by American farmers are identified, which also occur in domestic conditions. The need to train agricultural specialists with knowledge and skills in using digital products is emphasized, as well as the establishment of retraining of agricultural enterprises specialists at advanced training courses based on Ukrainian agricultural higher education institutions is established. It is established that in the UK there is a comprehensive program of support for both developers and users of digital technologies based on the provision of grants for the implementation and promotion of digital agricultural technologies. The functions of the Agricultural Innovation Program Fund are revealed, the main task of which is to activate the development of innovative practices and technologies. The conclusion is made about the uniqueness of Japan's experience in the digitalization of agricultural production, where a number of strategic programs have been introduced to promote the digitalization of agriculture. It is established that today Japanese agricultural models are exported to other countries of the world. The author systematizes the experience of India, where the spread of digital technologies in agriculture is slow, but favorable conditions have been created for their spread through the functioning of the appropriate infrastructure. It is proven that in Ukrainian practice the use of digital technologies and services lags behind the leading countries of the world and the need to strengthen state support for agricultural producers, scientific and educational institutions is emphasized on the basis of the development of a strategic program for the digitalization of agriculture, in which it is advisable to provide for a mechanism for grant financing of projects and the creation of a national digital infrastructure. Key words: agricultural enterprises, digital infrastructure, digital technologies, state support, digital platforms, 5G technologies, smart agriculture.

Purpose of the study. The main purpose of the article is to conduct a statistical assessment of the implementation of strategies for the socio-economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan using an innovative methodology based on the use of digital technological solutions.Materials and methods. In the course of writing this article, the authors used the methods of system analysis, synthesis, statistical sampling and grouping, induction, deduction, methods of working with computer networks and digital platforms, special methods and tools necessary to optimize the work of the portal of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, as well as when working on this article, methods of working with digital technologies, specialized software products, web services were reflected.Results. The authors present the main technological approaches to conducting a statistical assessment of the activities of industries and spheres of the national economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on the use of digital mechanisms. New scientific approaches to the integration of statistical activities with other objects of the national economy in the context of digital transformation are proposed, the main directions for organizing the interaction of the statistical industry with economic objects within the framework of the National Program “Digital Uzbekistan – 2030” are identified. It is shown that in the modern period in the Republic of Uzbekistan a whole range of government decisions has been adopted on the comprehensive development of the country’s economic system based on the use of digital technologies. In addition, the article proves that the development of digital infrastructure is one of the determining conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the state on the world stage. At the same time, digital transformation contributes to the development of new methodological solutions for assessing the functioning of industries and spheres of the national economy. Scientific studies conducted by the authors state that due to the use of advanced information and digital technologies, innovative mechanisms for collecting and processing information flows, the statistical assessment of the implementation of a whole range of strategies for the development of the socio-economic complex is more open and transparent, which in turn allows you to make competent manage-ment decisions for the effective development of industries and areas of the national economy.Conclusion. This paper shows that the development and widespread use of digital technologies in all sectors of the economy and spheres of society today is a global trend in world development. The authors also state that the use of digital technological solutions is crucial for improving the living standards of citizens and the competitiveness of the national economy, expanding the possibilities of its integration into the global economic system, and increasing the efficiency of all levels of government. In turn, a statistical assessment of the results of the implementa-tion of the main provisions of the republican strategies for socio-economic development in the context of the formation of a digital economy shows that innovative approaches, developed and implemented information systems, web services and advanced technological solutions are fundamental elements for organizing an effective work on the processing of statistical information and the adoption of managerial decisions on the organization of the effective functioning of industries and spheres of the national economy.

Relevance of the research topic. Changes in legislation and regulation aimed at supporting digital transformation are creating new opportunities for businesses. Ukrainian enterprises need modernization and adaptation to modern conditions of competitive business. Digital technologies are a powerful tool for increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Ukraine's integration into Euro-Atlantic structures, such as the European Union and NATO, creates new opportunities and requires enterprises to meet standards and requirements. All this creates a basis for discussing the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on digital modernization. Formulation of the problem. Ukraine, like other countries, faces the need to modernize its business in conditions of deep changes in the world economy. This modernization includes the transition to digital transformation, which is an urgent strategic goal for many Ukrainian enterprises. The implementation of digital technologies and processes confronts enterprises with numerous challenges and problematic issues. Analysis of recent research and publications. In general, this problem attracts considerable attention of both Ukrainian and foreign researchers. They explore various aspects of business digitalization and examine its impact on enterprise modernization in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration. However, the task of further research may be the integration and generalization of the results, the development of specific recommendations for Ukrainian enterprises and the determination of optimal strategies for their development. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The interaction of digital technologies and Euro-Atlantic European integration at the level of individual enterprises and industries, as well as the analysis of practical examples of the implementation of digital initiatives in small businesses, have not been sufficiently studied. Additional research is needed to study cyber security issues, the development of financial models for enterprises, the study of ethical issues related to the collection and processing of data in the digital environment, as well as the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on legislation in this field. Problem statement, research goals. The research is aimed at studying the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on the process of digitization of Ukrainian enterprises, as well as determining the key factors that influence this process. The article aims to contribute to the understanding and effective use of opportunities that open up to Ukrainian enterprises due to integration with Euro-Atlantic structures in the context of business digitalization. Methodology of the study. Complex of scientific abstraction, theoretical comparative analysis and synthesis of own innovative ideas. Presentation of the main material (results of work). An overview of the degree of use of digital technologies in Ukrainian business was conducted, including statistical data, the level of infrastructure and the activity of enterprises in this direction. The influence of Euro-Atlantic integration processes on the development of digital technologies in Ukraine is analyzed, in particular in the context of the harmonization of legislation and ensuring access to European markets. Key factors affecting the successful implementation of digital projects in Ukraine and obstacles that may arise in this process have been identified. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were formulated for Ukrainian enterprises and state bodies on issues of speeding up the process of digitization and Euro-Atlantic integration. In conclusion, the main conclusions of the study are given, indicating the relevance and importance of further measures for the development of Ukrainian business in the context of digital modernization and integration with Euro-Atlantic structures. Field of application of results. Training of applicants in the specialty 073 "Management" with medium and long-term strategic vision. Conclusions in accordance with the article. Digitization opens up new opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and carry out international operations. However, it also creates challenges in securing investment and training. The development of the digital market in Ukraine promotes the emergence of new innovations and creative services. The digital market in Ukraine is connected with Euro-Atlantic integration through harmonization and increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises on European markets. The key technologies of digital transformation in Ukraine include Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, etc. These technologies directly affect the development of business in Ukraine. A SWOT analysis allows you to track the strengths and weaknesses of a business in the context of digitalization, as well as identify opportunities and threats in the market. PEST analysis examines political, economic, social and technological factors affecting business in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration and digital transformation. The digital economy is becoming an increasingly important component of Ukraine's GDP and contributes to the growth of national business and raising the standard of living of the population.

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of various learning technologies: digital, traditional, and blended learning in the educational process of a university. The authors show the results of research related to the analysis, development, and refinement of parameters, capabilities and implementation of digital technologies in the educational process. The analysis is carried out based on a set of surveys of students and teachers. A comparison of the impressions of the participants of the educational process and an analysis of its results during the transition from the classic model of the educational process to a blended (classic model with the use of digital educational technologies) anddistance learning is carried out. The results obtained were correlated with objective indicators — compliance with the academic schedule, average academic performance, and the level of residual knowledge. Significant advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of distance learning in the educational process were identified, on the part of both trainees and teachers. In conclusion, the authors summarize that the use of digital technologies makes it possible to create a learning environment around the student that forms professional digital innovative competencies.

The article discusses the impact of the coronovirus proliferation on the efficiency of working time use at modern enterprises. The urgency of article is defined by importance of increase of efficiency of use of working time at the enterprise. Effective activity of the enterprises is connected with digital technologies. Increasing the importance of digital technology in modern conditions of coronovirus distribution, due to increasing attention from the management of companies to the introduction of digital technology for the future development of enterprises. Thus, the use of digital technologies not only increases the efficiency of the enterprise, but also the ability of personnel to work in different operating modes. The use of digital technologies makes it possible to increase the competitiveness of enterprises in modern economic conditions. The aim of the study is to analyse the impact of the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus on the efficiency of working time use, as well as to study the impact of the organisation on the efficiency of personnel work at remote workplaces. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set in the course of the study: to conduct a survey of the personnel of Omsk organisations in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of remote operating modes; to identify the risks and obstacles to the introduction of digital technologies at enterprises in the conditions of the spread of the pandemic; to identify digital technologies for monitoring and recording the working hours of employees at remote operating modes. As a result of the research, the advantages and disadvantages of remote operating modes were identified; a mechanism for evaluating working hours depending on the remote operating mode was developed; digital technologies used at Russian enterprises to monitor and record working hours were analysed; risks and obstacles in the use and implementation of digital technologies were identified; the effectiveness of digital technologies in modern enterprises was noted.

The modern oil industry is the most technologized, its production and management activities are associated with the collection, storage, processing and transmission of large amounts of data. The purpose of the research conducted by the author is to analyze the role of digital technologies in the activities of vertically integrated oil companies. The object of research is the use of innovative digital technologies in oil production. The subject of the study is the priority directions of the development of digital technologies in oil production. The research methodology includes various general scientific and private scientific methods for assessing the role of digital technologies used in oil production in the country and identifying priority areas for their development. The results of the study. This article presents an assessment of the use of digital technologies in oil production in modern conditions. The results obtained can be used by economists to provide a predictive assessment of the use of digital technologies in the activities of the vertically integrated oil companies, as well as to conduct scientific research on the stated problems.

Based on the analysis of transformations of the technical reality of the last century related to the development of computers and digital technologies, the article discusses the processes of digitalization and digital transformations. It has been established that digitalization can be understood as the process of creating, through digital technologies, a specific real or virtual digital product with information, communication, production, economic and other purposes. It is noted that the digitalization process leads to digital transformations – processes of a qualitative change in the structural elements of reality associated with the development and use of digital technologies and digital products. The study also establishes that digitalization processes, due to the advent of computer devices and digital technologies, are transforming technical reality.

Digital law is a new form of implementation of legal relations in the field of cyber regulation in various areas: digital rights in digital circulation, cyber security, protection of personal data, regulation of cross-border digital transactions, implementation of social rights based on technological platforms, formation of electronic government, electronic state. Currently, the process of digitalization of law is taking place, that is, the use of new digital technologies to optimize legal relations, as well as procedures for creating a new digital reality, which also requires legal regulation. Digital reality shapes human behavior, norms of social relations, creates digital law and digital legal awareness. In the conditions of the digital economy and virtual space, the need for a new look at legal institutions in the era of information society and digital technologies, consistent adaptation of traditional legal mechanisms to new realities is obvious. Further development of legal regulation of digital rights and digital civil turnover is possible according to the conceptual model of “digitalization” of traditional law. The new paradigm of the development of law consists in the “digitalization” of law, that is, the use of digital technologies to optimize legal regulation, as well as the formation of civil digital turnover. Therefore, digital law is a system of legal norms regarding the use of digital technologies, which regulates legal relations that arise in connection with the use of digital data and the use of digital technologies. Digital law is a complex interdisciplinary institution of law that unites legal norms that regulate legal relations arising in connection with the acquisition, exercise, alienation and protection of digital rights, as well as with the use of digital technologies by subjects of digital law. The mechanism of legal regulation of relations in the digital environment is based on the fact that they have an informational nature, since they arise in connection with the implementation of certain actions with information in digital form (digital data).

Our goal is to enhance the educational process, management, methodology, and information work through the implementation of digital technologies as a means of improving the professional competence of future vocational education instructors in the field of transport. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of digital technologies in the vocational education system; assess the readiness of students and instructors for the implementation of digital technologies; identify the necessary learning conditions for the effective integration of these technologies into the educational process and information work of higher education institutions; and outline possible options for the integrated use of digital technologies in specific areas of pedagogical activity. The achievement of the research objectives is ensured through the use of empirical methods (observation, analysis of research activities within the system, and analysis of teachers’ pedagogical activities). The article explores the theoretical and methodological aspects of integrating digital technologies to develop the professional competence of vocational education instructors in the field of transport. Based on an analysis of scientific and theoretical literature, it has been determined that the application of digital technologies in the professional training of educators contributes to improving education quality and ensuring a high level of specialist training. This approach also stimulates the development of an innovative educational environment that meets the modern demands of society and the labour market. The study analyses the process of acquiring digital skills, which are an essential component of professional training. It has been established that the use of digital technologies not only facilitates the acquisition of necessary knowledge but also fosters the ability to analyse the information space and adapt to the dynamic professional environment. Theoretical aspects of the research are complemented by an analysis of modern computer technologies in education, which significantly optimize the learning process for both instructors and students. The key principles ensuring the effective integration of digital technologies into the training of future vocational education instructors in the field of transport are outlined: – the principle of systematization, which involves creating a comprehensive educational system that integrates all components of the professional competence of future specialists; – the principle of integration, which aims to establish a unified educational system that combines various aspects of the learning process, including theoretical and practical training; – the principle of professional orientation, ensuring that the educational content aligns with the current labour market demands; – the principle of interactivity, which focuses on enhancing students’ cognitive engagement through interactive teaching methods; – the principle of reflection, which involves a systematic analysis by students of their own learning progress; – the principle of individualized learning, which is oriented toward creating personalized learning conditions for each student. It is emphasized that the process of digitalization in society and educational institutions significantly influences the content, organizational aspects, teaching methods, and management of the educational process. The development of a digital culture among instructors requires a high level of digital competence, including the ability to work with modern digital technologies and effectively use information and communication tools. The study concludes that there is a need for the active implementation of interactive educational environments, modern digital methodologies, and innovative pedagogical technologies in the professional training of future vocational education instructors. Special attention should be given to developing students’ digital competence and fostering effective networked interaction among all participants in the educational process. A virtual roadmap has been developed for instructors as an electronic, publicly accessible resource (e.g., a website), which outlines all the necessary mandatory steps that an instructor must follow while carrying out educational activities in vocational education institutions. The main directions of the instructor’s virtual roadmap have been identified, which should align with real educational activities within institutions.