Abstract
Space greenhouses (SG) that can be used for enriching the astronauts’ diet are also considered a means of improving the astronauts’ life environment in autonomous crewed expeditions. One of the main requirements for SC is to minimize the specific consumption of the main onboard resources: energy, space, refrigerant, and labor-hours per unit mass of grown product. Experiments on adaptive optimization of irradiation and illumination spectrum were performed and a hardware and software complex (HSC) was developed to control the test-stand with the SG model. The main object of control is an intermittently pressure-sealed chamber with temperature and humidity sensors, as well as an IR gas analyzer. The latter determines the visible photosynthesis of the plants based on the dynamics of CO2 absorption. The sensors and actuators are connected to a Mega 2560 AVR microcontroller connected to a Raspberry Pi 4B single-board computer via a USB-UART converter. The modular software package was created on the basis of the ROS (Robot Operating System) framework, which minimizes the training period for new developers and experiment operators. The first HSC versions were successfully tested on a test-stand with Chinese cabbage to find the trajectory of optimal lighting parameters during the growth process. The HSC made it possible to carry out several replications of a 2-factor experiment to study the drift of the optimal LED lighting modes during a 10 days’ period with daily variation of 2 factors — the current in the red LED circuit and the current in the white LED circuit. Optimal change patterns in the lighting parameters for a test-stand with a space greenhouse model were obtained.
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