Формування в здобувачів початкової освіти орфографічної компетентності на уроках української мови

Abstract

In the article there have been done the attempt to generalize the concept of orthographic competence as ability to use rules, and consequently faultlessly to write all words with orthograms, that is not checked up. In the process of forming of vigilance of spelling it follows to adhere to such stages: to acquaint junior schoolchildren with basic orthographic concepts; on the basis of their to form orthographic abilities; to teach to write words with orthograms, that is not checked up; to teach to call to certificate editions (spelling dictionary); to create a necessary educational environment. Acquisition by the bread-winners of primary education of orthographic competence, in particular orthographic vigilance, undoubtedly, is one of main. From that, as far as skills of spelling will be proof for junior schoolchildren, their further studies and comfort educational environment depend, capacity for communication. Two ways of capture skill of spelling in psychological and methodical literature are described. First – as a process slow piling up of visualizations of words because of the of long duration mechanical writing; the second way of forming of orthographic competence is related to work of thinking, implementation of different types of linguistic analysis, realization of rules of spelling. Orthographic vigilance develops gradually and formed as a result of permanent reiterations by the junior schoolchildren of certain actions. During the systematic training to the action automatized and become part of orthographic skill. By the no less important means of forming of orthographic vigilance of junior schoolchildren on the lessons of Ukrainian, to our opinion, there is the correct and timely forming of concepts about orthograms. Thus making of ability to find orthograms is the first stage in the studies of spelling that has the methodology and special exercises. Drawn conclusion that gradually diminishing the role of realization of own actions, rolling up of mental operations and perfection of this process, it is possible to provide the high level of literacy of bread-winners of initial educations. Keywords: bread-winners of primary education, orthographic vigilance, orthogram, exercises, are on forming of orthographic vigilance, literacy of junior schoolchildren.