Вплив умов місцезростання на зміну видового складу мікобіоти насіння сосни звичайної

Abstract

The species composition of micromycetes of Scots pine seeds, collected from plantations growing in different forest vegetation conditions and selected from trees of different age groups, was studied. It was found that the most common species of micromycetes - Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Mycelia sterilia. Dominant species of micromycetes, in particular Penicillium cyclopium, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium sambucinum, which are the most dangerous for the development of healthy planting material, have been identified. The largest number of micromycetes from seeds of plantations growing wet birch (A3) - 189 and fresh beer (A2) - 103 micromycetes, and the smallest - fresh (B2) and raw subir (B3), respectively: 92 and 93 isolates. The highest frequency of occurrence on experimental samples of seeds of Scots pine, selected from fresh pine stands, had micromycetes: Penicillium cyclopium, Alternaria alternata, Trithothecium roseum micromycetes had the highest frequency of occurrence of Scots pine seeds taken from fresh pine stands, and Mortierella alpine, P. canescens, P. lanosum, P. variabile, Fusarium sporotrich had the lowest frequency. It was noted that Mycelia sterilia (9.2%), Fusarium sporotrichioides (9.6%) were the most common on seeds selected from trees of different age groups, while Alternaria alternata, A. tenuissima, Fusarium verticillioides were the least common. Trichothecium roseum - 1.9%. The similarity of the species composition of mycobiota seeds selected from young and medieval plantations (similarity index - 84.2%) and medieval and mature (similarity index - 89.4%) was studied. Less similarity was observed between the species composition of fungi identified on seeds selected from young and mature plantations (similarity index is -73.6%). The most similar were the seeds of medieval and mature plantations, the least similar - the young and mature. The seeds were selected from different age groups, are different in species composition of micromycetes (similarity varied between 73.6 - 89.4%). Keywords: age groups of trees, mycobiota, type of forest vegetation conditions, micromycetes, Scots pine.