Метод определения уровня социального развития предприятия на основе индекса удовлетворенности сотрудников (ESI)

Until the 13th Party Congress, the term/concept of "Social development management" has been increasingly perfected in terms of both content and policy and management implications. Nevertheless, the process of advocacy, development and practical manifestation of "development management" in Vietnamese social life is taking place rapidly. How does that process happen, especially in the context of national digital transformation? The relationship between social development management and digital transformation needs to be studied, supplemented and perfected from real life.
 From a macro perspective (considering national development orientations) and given document analysis (Party guidelines, State policies), the purpose of the article is to provide connotation of development management and social development in the new period (context of digital transformation ) in a wide range of aspects such as basic characteristics or content of the undertakings and policies. In doing so, it hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the term/concept of “social development management/governance".
 Keywords: Social development management, Digital transformation, New stage, Social development, Social management.
 

Introduction: social development management of territories is a significant area of state policy, which is reflected in the key strategic federal and regional documents. Objectives: the authors propose a methodological approach to understanding the essence of “social development management” in relation to territorial socio-economic systems (region, municipality). Methods: general scientific methods of cognition, analysis of legal acts, statistical analysis. Results: the authors proposed a methodology for studying the social development management of territories (subject and object of management, control action, feedback, resource provision and management goal). The article defines the threats and directions for improving the system of state social development management. Conclusions: Within the methodology, social development management goal is to ensure the population access to social services in accordance with the individual needs and demands of the population in a particular territory. From structural point of view, the object of social development management is the population itself as a consumer of social services and a subsystem for the provision of social services (social sphere). In terms of process component, the object of social development management is the balance between supply and demand of suppliers and consumers of social services. Regarding public authority, the management mechanism is expressed in social policy and its tools implemented at the strategic, tactical and operational levels of management. The authors determined that the general vector of the country’s social development should correlate with the main task of the country’s national security –“preserving the Russia’s nation and developing human potential”; the state should form the institutional environment for the labor market and the social sphere to adapt to digitalization; the social development management mechanism should be proactive; when implementing social policy, it is necessary to take into account the trend towards individualization; in the context of limited budgetary resources, it is necessary to attract investors and other sources of financing the social services market.

The configuration of roles needed for effective management of social development is discussed and compared with that needed for conventional development project management. It is argued that while the managerial skills associated with more conventional projects are useful to social development managers, social development management places greater emphasis on entrepreneurial behaviour and attention to both analysing and influencing the environment external to the organization. Facilitating the creation of local‐level capacity also requires strong interpersonal skills. The extent to which social development management skills can be trained for is discussed, with an illustration from Sri Lanka. A combined skills training plus job rotation approach to preparing social development managers is suggested. The need to modify organizational structures and incentive patterns in order to effectively support new management skills is highlighted.

In the conditions of intensifying competition among manufacturers of industrial products, the risk of competition within the industry is high. Today, the company's economic results increasingly depend not on its production capabilities but on the ability to sell its products. Therefore, much attention is paid to marketing management technologies using tools for regulating relations with consumers, marketing communications and positioning, and evaluating the level of company development. At the same time, the questions remain open: How can sales expenses be reduced, and how can the efficiency of the company's marketing management subsystem be improved. The article aims to improve the elements of economic support and develop practical recommendations for increasing the efficiency of the company's marketing management. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work is a set of principles and methods of scientific research: the principle of systematization and theoretical generalization, methods of grouping and ranking. According to the goal, the task of substantiating the efficiency of the company's marketing activity management subsystem was set. In the process of research, the relationship between the manufactured and sold products as separate aspects of the company's activity was analyzed and determined; the place of sales costs in the total costs of the company's activities was checked, and the degree of payback of these costs was analyzed; new sales channels and areas of marketing activity in terms of sales promotion are proposed; an algorithm for determining the efficiency of costs in the company's sales channels is proposed, which, unlike the existing ones, allows to compare not only the overall efficiency of costs but also the efficiency of costs in the company's sales channels. Its essence consists of a comprehensive, consistent assessment of the company's spheres of activity expenses in each (separate) sales channel. The basis for the analysis was the scientific works of domestic scientists on the mentioned issues and the data of the authors' research. The scientific and practical novelty of the obtained results lies in the identification and substantiation of new opportunities for the company, as well as in the design of practical sales activities in the conditions of constant market changes and competition: the priority areas of the company's sales activities are proposed, and proposals are made to increase the efficiency of the company's marketing activity expenses.

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the functioning of the social infrastructure of rural areas and systematizes the peculiarities of its functioning in modern conditions. It is argued that the state of rural social infrastructure is currently satisfactory and does not contribute to the formation of suitable living and working conditions for the rural population. As a result, a conclusion was made about the need for a comprehensive study of the functioning and development of rural social infrastructure and the development of a set of measures for its improvement in the conditions of the post-war period of the country. The important role of social infrastructure in ensuring the sustainable development of rural areas and agriculture has been proven, that in the conditions of war and the complicated post-war period, there will be a need for scientific developments regarding the improvement and restoration of social infrastructure objects in the direction of improving the living conditions of the rural population and strengthening the social capital of rural territory Approaches to the definition of social infrastructure are systematized and a conclusion is drawn that this category cannot be equated with the "social sphere". It is highlighted that in the evolutionary development of the essence of the economic category "social infrastructure of rural areas" there was a transformation of the understanding of the goals of social infrastructure - from the formation of the necessary living conditions of the population to ensuring the reproduction of man and society. It is presented that the purpose of the functioning of the social infrastructure is to create a comfortable environment aimed at improving the living conditions, lifestyle and activities of the rural population, ensuring its physical, intellectual and spiritual development. It has been proven that the rural social infrastructure is organized on the basis of an organic combination of territorial and sectoral principles, but it is not focused on a specialized sectoral consumer, but on a territorial one, i.e. the rural population. It is proposed to consider the definition of rural social infrastructure as a category based on numerous functions and taking into account their impact on the national economy of the country. The main functions of the social purpose infrastructure of the village and their impact on the achievement of sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas are considered. The author's definition of the category "social infrastructure of rural areas" is proposed as a complete system of interconnected links and elements of the rural economy (institutions, enterprises, industries and types of activities), which contributes to the socio-economic development of the territory, as well as ensures human life and affects its quality life through the satisfaction of needs. Key words: social infrastructure, rural areas, social sphere, elements of social infrastructure, management of social infrastructure development.

This paper presents the institutional and spatial determinants for the development of social and technical infrastructure in municipalities (gminas) in Poland. According to the empirical results, there are significant differences between various types of gminas in terms of the level of development of technical and social infrastructure. Similar levels of technical or social infrastructure are associated with a significantly higher level of economic development in urban and urban-rural gminas than in rural gminas. Spatially, the position of gminas in relation to larger settlement centres and communication routes affects the development of technical infrastructure to a greater extent than social infrastructure. The relationship between infrastructure development and selected economic and social characteristics of municipalities is a feedback loop in which the relative wealth of a local administrative unit stimulates the development of the infrastructure while at the same time benefiting from this fact. This means that the present use of European Union Structural Funds for the development of infrastructure does not contribute to closing the gap in development. Sustainable development is largely the result of institutional factors related to infrastructure. It is therefore advisable to move away from a purely redistributive approach in this regard to targeted territorial support of the development potential of municipalities.

This paper presents the institutional and spatial determinants for the development of social and technical infrastructure in municipalities (gminas) in Poland. According to the empirical results, there are significant differences between various types of gminas in terms of the level of development of technical and social infrastructure. Similar levels of technical or social infrastructure are associated with a significantly higher level of economic development in urban and urban-rural gminas than in rural gminas. Spatially, the position of gminas in relation to larger settlement centres and communication routes affects the development of technical infrastructure to a greater extent than social infrastructure. The relationship between infrastructure development and selected economic and social characteristics of municipalities is a feedback loop in which the relative wealth of a local administrative unit stimulates the development of the infrastructure while at the same time benefiting from this fact. This means that the present use of European Union Structural Funds for the development of infrastructure does not contribute to closing the gap in development. Sustainable development is largely the result of institutional factors related to infrastructure. It is therefore advisable to move away from a purely redistributive approach in this regard to targeted territorial support of the development potential of municipalities.

Social development management in the context of digital transformation is a new issue in Vietnam. From a cross-sectional study that includes a survey of 438 civil officials and 450 individuals in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, and Tay Ninh province, this article analyzes the current state of social development management on six dimensions: Sustainable poverty reduction; health care; education and training; gender equality; social safety, human security and the effectiveness and efficiency of management of the public apparatus in the digital transformation process. The results show that two subject groups gave good and positive evaluation of social development management in these six dimensions. Yet, the two dimensions with the lowest ratings for social development management in the digital age are education and training and health care. The study also recommends that more attention should be given to socially disadvantaged groups to reduce inequality and digital gap in the digital transformation process.
 Keywords: Digital inequality, policy, digital transformation, social development management, digital gap.

The article presents the main aspects of social infrastructure development as a form of local social responsibility in the agrarian sector of the economy. The main tools of social infrastructure development within the framework of local social responsibility in the agrarian sector of the economy are substantiated and generalized. The forecast of the main factors hindering the development of Ukrainian economy was analyzed. It was proved that at the national level local social responsibility affects the structural components of social infrastructure. The positive changes associated with the power decentralization, which are able to become an additional source of funding, were discussed. It was found that the key aspect of rural social infrastructure effective development is the comprehensive coordination of all management spheres and all levels of territorial authorities. The hierarchy of social infrastructure development is given. It consists of three levels. Each level is regulated by relevant documents and norms. It is proved that the efficiency of social infrastructure development depends on a harmonious combination and coordination between each level of functioning. Thus, if at least one of the levels is not observed, the integrity of this hierarchy is violated. The influence of basic living conditions on the development of social infrastructure is substantiated, because the level of rural population well-being depends on how agricultural enterprises will be developed. According to the World Data Center, it has been found that in Ukraine there are factors that hinder social and economic development. It is proposed to create a fund of the social and rural infrastructure development at the local level. Its implementation will have positive consequences at all levels of the hierarchy. The formation of a local fund for rural infrastructure development is provided through direct forms of participation of agricultural enterprises in the development of social infrastructure, namely: public-private partnership (social partnership), social entrepreneurship, social projects, venture financing and more. The sources of this fund can be definitely interesting in the field of taxes and fees paid by agricultural enterprises. Besides it can be meaningful in the sphere of concessions and fines for environmental pollution, charitable contributions, social investments etc.

The article outlines the theoretical and practical aspects of transforming personnel management practices under martial law, considering the trends in the preservation and use of personnel. Statistical and comparative analysis methods, formalization methods, and abstract-analytical research methods are applied and summarize the main challenges for the functioning of organizations, the characteristics of the use of personnel, and the main tasks of personnel management in martial law conditions. Based on the results of the study of the labor market during martial law conducted by the European Business Association, changes in the personnel of commercial organizations, directions for stabilization of operational activities, and preservation of personnel potential were summarized. The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of staff composition of public sector organizations, which confirm an increase in staff shortages and trends like changes in the personnel management systems of commercial organizations. A conclusion was made about the sufficient degree of adaptation of the civil service given the dynamics of changes in the forms of her work. The growth of the role of the functions of such subsystems of personnel management as the management of recruitment and accounting of personnel, management of labor relations, provision of normal working conditions, management of motivation of personnel behavior, and management of social development has been established. It was determined that the support of the collectives of public authorities will be facilitated by borrowing and adapting the following best domestic practices: recruiting (conducting information companies, using Google analytics from the primary search sources, acquiring talents), transformation of organizational culture and the culture of involvement (ensuring responsible leadership, mutual support and cohesion through providing professional psychological assistance, strengthening the mental health of the team, developing high-quality internal communications and ethics of interaction), ensuring barrier-free in public service (development and implementation of a detailed plan of interaction with veterans and their adaptation). It is noted that forming a fair compensation policy remains an essential function of human resources management and a decisive factor in forming a highly professional and proactive team in public sector organizations. Keywords: personnel management, martial law, personnel retention, personnel composition in state authorities, personnel management practices under martial law.

Our advice is important to every operation for which we provide consultation. Helping our clients make the right decision is not solely dependent on our ability to provide a logical analysis of all the factors that affect the current situation, but also on our ability to show the value, personal benefits and possible ramifications of utilizing the advice. The best advice possible has no value ifwe cannot help our clients understand it and make timely decisions concerning the welfare of their operation.
 In my work in advising clients in the area of personnel management, manager coaching and professional development, transfer of the business to the next generation, and achieving higher production goals, it has become extremely important for me to help owners and managers alike make tough decisions. Though they understand the logic involved in the decision, emotion sometimes clouds the process and evokes hesitation. Many times our clients know that they must make a change, but tradition, habit, fear of failure and a natural resistance to change get in the way. This hesitation is only exacerbated by the emotions of depression, confusion and grief from extended financial distress.
 An advisory methodology that incorporates an appreciation for these factors with an understanding of the emotional implications will provide greater success. Additionally, this appreciation will enhance a sense of camaraderie among all the decision-makers involved in the process.

In Pacific Russia, the South Primorsky Industrial District is being formed with specialization in marine economic activities like shipbuilding and ship repair, fishing industry, marine transport. The leading factors in the district’s production forming process are in qualified labor resources, developed social and industrial infrastructure, stable demand for products and services of marine economic activities, favorable coastal economic and geographical location. Aspatial set of interrelated elements (settlements) with a specific territorial and sectoral structure is formed there. The territorial and sectoral structure of this industrial district presents an interconnected spatial combination of enterprises (organizations) located in settlements of different ranks from economic centers (nodes) to socio–economic regions consisting of one or more administrative and economic districts (federal units of the Russian Federation, municipalities). The closest relations between the enterprises of economic centers united by a common economic specialization, as well as the use of common objects of transport, industrial and social infrastructure are noted. Large enterprises in the industrial district not only use the available favorable factors for the development of production, but can also create conditions for the emergence of needed factors (attract labor, investors, initiate local authorities on infrastructure development, etc.). As a result of such interaction in the south of Pacific Russia there have been developed the relevant conditions for the formation of the South-Primorsky Industrial District, a relatively small area of concentration of specialized enterprises (or groups of enterprises, economic centers) consisting mainly of marine economic activities and united by a common industrial and social infrastructure, which provides them with additional economic effect.

Social Development Management in the context of digital transformation is a new and necessary matter in Vietnam. This study is a cross-sectional study, surveying 430 officials and civil servants and 450 people in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, Tay Ninh (Vietnam) to analyze the current situation of social development management in the 6 main fields: sustainable poverty reduction; healthcare; education and training; gender equality; social safety, human security; the effectiveness and efficiency of the state of management in the context of digital transformation. The results show that both groups of participants have good and positive evaluations of social development management in these 6 (six) areas (mean ≥ 3.55). The ranking of social development management assessment of education, training, and healthcare in the context of digital transformation is the lowest. Chi-square correlation test on SPSS software version 25.0 shows that it is necessary to pay more attention to disadvantaged social groups to reduce inequality and digital gap when conducting social development management in the context of digital transformation (research significance, p-value < 0.05). The results of this study not only provide policy implications for localities but also suggest many in-depth research directions on this topic in the future, in the context of digital transformation.

This article analyses the pattern and trends in inter-district disparities in the levels of development particularly in levels of income, and physical and social infrastructure by using multivariate analysis. It finds wide regional disparities across districts in the availability of social and economic infrastructure which have persisted and prolonged over time. Amongst the four broader economic regions, the districts of western region continued to occupy top ranks in economic infrastructure as compared to other three regions, viz. central, eastern and Bundelkhand. Bundelkhand region presents the grim scenario with almost six out of seven districts falling in the category of backward districts in India. The central and eastern regions have almost mediocre status. Such a pattern provides a strong justification for the recent policy initiatives of the state government for improving the economic infrastructure especially banking services, industrialization and agricultural infrastructure to facilitate production and sale of outputs and social infrastructure for building human capital. However, budgetary support for such initiatives and weak implementation are major concerns for any meaningful results, particularly in backward districts. The article advocates more rigorous efforts towards developing economic and social infrastructure, particularly in laggard districts of the state. This would also help in accelerating the pace of economic growth and employment opportunities, and reducing regional disparities in development in Uttar Pradesh.

The article substantiates the strategic role of Arctic territories for ensuring security and sustainable development of the Russian Federation. The authors analyze renowned and contemporary research in the field of social development management, as well as determine similar features of the Arctic policies of Arctic zone countries, separately considering the specificities of Russia. Particular attention is paid to social quality, which is presented as the main element of social development. The authors identify six key elements of social quality: social and economic security, social inclusion, social cohesion, social activity, social justice, and social authority. An interpretation of these elements structure is given. The material of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YANAO) presents the results of a sociological study of social quality components assessments. The highest rating is given to the level of regional socio-economic security (sense of personal security, protection of interests and values, resources for self-realization, etc.). While the level of social inclusion receives the lowest rating (desire to participate in regional social, economic, cultural life, satisfaction with social services system, quality of social infrastructure, territory’s comfort for living, etc.). Authors conclude that the obtained estimates correspond to the average level, but are below the normative value. The paper presents recommendations for improving social development management on the example of specific Arctic region of the Russian Federation.