ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИЯ ИНВАЛИДОВ С АМПУТИРОВАННЫМИ КОНЕЧНОСТЯМИ – ВАЖНЫЙ ФАКТОР ИНТЕГРАЦИИ ИХ В ОБЩЕСТВО

Abstract

Current: the primary task of any state is to take care of its citizens; among them, a special place is occupied by people with disabilities who have arisen for various reasons. The number of disabled people on average varies from 5 to 10% of the total population and depends on the territory of residence. All over the world, including in the Russian Federation, there are and actively implemented programs for an accessible environment for people with disabilities. However, the problem of their social rehabilitation remains quite acute. The aim of this study was identification of factors affecting the work activity of disabled people with amputated limbs of working age and the possibility of their integration into society. Materials and methods. An investigation was conducted among people with amputated lower limbs. The structure of the causes of disability, gender and age characteristics, medical and rehabilitation measures were studied, and a survey was conducted on the possibility of continuing work. The results of the study and their discussion. The leading diseases that led to amputation of the lower extremities were a combination of vascular atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and concomitant pathology of the musculoskeletal system. With age, the percentage of disability increases. Most patients receive adequate treatment in accordance with the available standards and adequate prosthetics. As a social rehabilitation and integration into society, mostly patients consider continuing their work. However, there are a lot of problems for its implementation: the need for retraining and obtaining a new profession, working conditions, transport costs, work at enterprises located far from home, lack of vacancies, difficulties communicating with the team, etc. At the same time, many people who want to work do not have the opportunity to realize themselves in this. Conclusion. People with disabilities due to amputation of the lower extremities require special social attention. Solving the problems of their vocational rehabilitation and employment requires a comprehensive approach on the part of government agencies, the disabled themselves and society as a whole.