Врачебно-полицейский комитет в структуре московской общей полиции в середине – второй половине XIX века

Abstract

Fundamentally the Moscow police was created as a body with a wide range of responsibilities and numerous powers cover almost all spheres of life of the population. The Moscow police, by virtue of their status as a capital, was a kind of testing ground where various transformations in the police sphere were tested, which then spread to other cities of the Russian Empire. The middle of the 19th century became an important milestone in the development of the Moscow general police and the expansion of its competence. During this period of time, specialized divisions began to form in its structure, aimed at solving specific issues. The work discusses the experience of organizing, the legal and organizational foundations of the medical and police committee in the second most important city of the Russian Empire Moscow. The development of the Moscow general pre-revolutionary police and its individual units in the domestic historical and legal science has not been sufficiently studied, which is due to the lack of the necessary empirical material in the public domain. Based on the analysis of documents and statistical data of the Central State Archive of Moscow, first introduced into scientific circulation, explores the reasons for the formation, structure, basic powers of the Moscow Medical and Police Committee and the results of its activities. On the eve of the three hundredth anniversary of the formation of the Moscow police, the study of the experience of the Moscow police contributes to the growth of historical and legal knowledge about the activities of pre-revolutionary law enforcement bodies.