Образ города Болгар и трансформация городской идентичности населения в контексте развития туристического потенциала

This article discusses the diversity of historical heritage found in Langsa City which has the potential to become a sustainable historical heritage. This paper also describes how to realize sustainable tourism based on history and culture and improve the quality of life of the community by utilizing historical and cultural heritage. The research was conducted in Langsa city, Aceh province, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach by conducting observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Based on the findings and facts in the field, identify three potentials that can become icons for the development of historical and cultural tourism. The first is the historical heritage in the form of physical, the second is in the form of culture and the third is the historical heritage in the form of culinary. This diversity of historical heritage-based sustainable tourism has not received much attention in the study of sustainable tourism. This is because tourism infrastructure such as destinations and human resources have not been well prepared. In addition, the involvement of public participation to help realize sustainable tourism is still not optimal. Tourism by utilizing historical heritage capital is very important for the environment and society. and have an impact on the local and national economy. Realizing sustainable tourism based on historical and cultural heritage is done by implementing destination management, so that each type of tourism gets the same attention so that all tourism sectors can progress together, increase the quality of tourism, and can benefit all parties. It is also recommended to build good cooperation between the government, the community and the private sector in developing sustainable tourism based on historical and cultural heritage. Cultural heritage buildings that have received status and are being proposed by the government as cultural heritage so that their maintenance and utilization can be optimal. In addition, it is necessary to open spaces for collaboration between the government, academia and the community in the development of sustainable tourism based on historical heritage.

In the contemporary context, urban identity is a critical aspect of city development. Its influence is evident in decision-making regarding the preservation of cultural heritage, the enhancement of social cohesion, and the stimulation of economic growth. For these interrelated goals, architectural and urban planning serve as foundational elements in shaping and reflecting a city’s unique character and value. The study aimed to analyse architectural and urban planning determinants as essential multidimensional components in the formation and maintenance of urban identity. Using a comparative approach, the study identifies specific forms of material expression in the urban environment that foster a sense of identity and belonging among residents and visitors alike. A comparative analysis of analogous global and Ukrainian sites was conducted, including the cities of Palmanova (Italy) and Zhovkva (Ukraine); architectural and urban planning ensembles of the Circus (Bath, England) and Stometrivka (Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine), Empire State Building (New York, USA) and the Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet (Lviv, Ukraine). The findings indicate that the study of urban identity centres on a comprehensive understanding of human-place identification dynamics. The study reveals that examining urban identity necessitates a comprehensive understanding of human identification with their place of residence. Consequently, arguments for the preservation of landmark sites within established urban settings are insufficient and require specification at the level of their physical manifestations. It is proposed to emphasise the architectural and urban planning context, analysing it in alignment with three widely accepted levels of city organisation. Physical components of the urban environment, such as buildings and structures, architectural complexes and ensembles, streets and squares, as well as the city’s overall territory, can serve as primary active elements, each equally contributing to the formation of urban identity. In some instances, understanding the city as a cohesive whole offers significantly greater potential compared to viewing its components separately, and vice versa. The capacity of individual elements to merge historical and contemporary aspects within a unified urban structure enhances the overall appeal and functionality of urban areas, further promoting a socially and culturally cohesive environment. The findings of this study can support more effective planning and implementation of urban development strategies, potentially preserving each city’s uniqueness and enhancing the quality of life for residents

PurposeInvestigating the effects of rapid urban changes and identity changes on walkability in the Heliopolis area is the aim of this study. The study attempts to evaluate how these changes impact pedestrian movement and the general walkability of urban spaces by examining streets and squares that have either retained or lost their original identity as a result of modifications favoring private vehicles. This research aims to highlight the importance of maintaining urban identity and other contributing variables in fostering walkable, livable settings through a comparative analysis using various methodologies such as walking tours, observations and interviews.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a mixed-method approach to examine the relationship between walkability and urban identity in Heliopolis by integrating subjective and objective strategies. Only one of the four squares and four streets that were chosen kept its original status. A comparison study was carried out between the altered and conserved sites. The techniques included documenting changes in the built environment, walking assessment tours, and on-site observations. Seven semi-structured interviews and fifty photographic attitude surveys were also carried out. The effects of urban changes on walkability were then evaluated by correlating and mapping the data.FindingsThe study discovered a significant relationship in Heliopolis between improved walkability and the maintenance of urban identity. Streets and squares that preserved their identity offered greater pedestrian experiences and had higher walkability ratings. On the other hand, areas that experienced changes that favored private vehicles demonstrated decreased comfort for pedestrians and decreased walkability. But the study also showed that walkability is highly influenced by non-identity-related characteristics like how ground-floor spaces are used. The findings imply that while walkability is greatly enhanced by urban identity, better pedestrian environments require a comprehensive strategy that addresses a variety of urban design components.Originality/valueBy examining the relationship between walkability, identity transition and quick urban shifts in a historic area like Heliopolis, this study makes a distinctive contribution. This research emphasizes the frequently underappreciated significance of urban identity in influencing pedestrian experiences, in contrast to earlier studies that only focused on physical infrastructure or urban architecture. Using a mixed-method approach that includes interviews, maps and visual surveys, it offers a thorough examination of how changes—especially those that favor private vehicles—affect walkability. The results provide insightful information on the significance of maintaining urban identity in conjunction with other design components to improve walkable settings for urban planners and policymakers.

Introduction. The aim of the study is the problem of protecting cultural and historic properties in the cities, that have been affected and damaged as a result of war. It is shown that the properties of cultural and historical heritage are significantly damaged, threatening their preservation, which can lead to their complete loss. In each case, the primary concern has been the impact of the reconstruction on the values for which the property was inscribed as a World Heritage site. The urgency of the problem is determined by the fact that cultural heritage sites that are not on the UNESCO list remain outside the attention of the authorities, the professional community and the public, which, as a result of reconstruction process, can lead to their loss, loss of urban identity, and not only negative humanitarian consequences, but also reduce significant economic potential. Materials and methods. The studies are based on a retrospective analysis of the territory, which can be used to identify the boundaries of the city, which have historical and cultural significance. The systematic approach and cartography method are used to determine the location of the historic center of Homs city and historical heritage objects within, which is necessary to assess their value and to face all the challenges and prevent further damages loss of cultural significance that was caused by the military conflict. Special approaches were proposed for protecting the objects which have historical and cultural significance. Also, a several points of weakness were presented in the reconstruction process of cities affected by the war. Results. Applying cartography method based on retrospective analysis of the city affected by military conflicts in our case Homs city. Both methods can help detecting the boundaries of the territory, which has signs of historical and cultural significance. Also, a recommendation mechanism was proposed for reconstruction process in the historical cities affected by military actions based on the preservation of their historical potential and urban identity, aimed at implementing the concept of sustainable development. Conclusions. The study of post-conflict reconstruction of historic cities, shown the necessity of using special urban planning techniques for the restoration process in the territories with historical and cultural significance.

The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious physical and mental health risks for older adults worldwide. To develop culturally and contextually congruent services to mitigate these risks requires understanding their stress and coping processes, which remain understudied in Latin America. This study examines qualitative data from 51 adults aged 60 and over who participated in an ongoing study of older Puerto Ricans’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices about COVID-19. Trained interviewers collected the data by telephone from January to August, 2021. Two-thirds of participants were female, 60% had less than high school education and 90% had poverty-level incomes. Drawing on Lazarus and Folkman’s Stress and Coping Theory, we conducted a thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions about the nature and extent of COVID-related stressors, stress management, and meanings and guidance they had gleaned from their experience. Participants perceived the pandemic as an added threat to ongoing chronic stressors (e.g., Hurricane Maria, poverty, political instability); disruptions in daily routines, family cohesion, and grief and loss processes; and increased isolation and loneliness. They reported using cognitive, behavioral, socioemotional and spiritual coping, including positive thinking, keeping occupied, relaxation, religious practices and, in a few cases, social media. Participants highlighted a revitalized appreciation for emotional qualities of relationships, freedom and life in general. Consistent with our guiding theory, cultural, contextual, religious, and socio-political factors shaped their appraisals of stress and their coping strategies. Future research should examine how these practices relate to health outcomes and quality of life and how they can inform effective, appropriate interventions.

The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious physical and mental health risks for older adults worldwide. To develop culturally and contextually congruent services to mitigate these risks requires understanding their stress and coping processes, which remain understudied in Latin America. This study examines qualitative data from 51 adults aged 60 and over who participated in an ongoing study of older Puerto Ricans’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices about COVID-19. Trained interviewers collected the data by telephone from January to August, 2021. Two-thirds of participants were female, 60% had less than high school education and 90% had poverty-level incomes. Drawing on Lazarus and Folkman’s Stress and Coping Theory, we conducted a thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions about the nature and extent of COVID-related stressors, stress management, and meanings and guidance they had gleaned from their experience. Participants perceived the pandemic as an added threat to ongoing chronic stressors (e.g., Hurricane Maria, poverty, political instability); disruptions in daily routines, family cohesion, and grief and loss processes; and increased isolation and loneliness. They reported using cognitive, behavioral, socioemotional and spiritual coping, including positive thinking, keeping occupied, relaxation, religious practices and, in a few cases, social media. Participants highlighted a revitalized appreciation for emotional qualities of relationships, freedom and life in general. Consistent with our guiding theory, cultural, contextual, religious, and socio-political factors shaped their appraisals of stress and their coping strategies. Future research should examine how these practices relate to health outcomes and quality of life and how they can inform effective, appropriate interventions.

Urban identity includes the city’s geographical, economic, social, physical characteristics and the political structure which depends on; on the other hand, it is also an important concept to covering cultural and historical heritage and any future prospects for the city. Among the physical representations of urban identity, architectural structure becomes first. The historic buildings that have reached the present day, they mirror the past not only of the city but also of the people of the city and they provide hints to understand and interpret all the changes and developments that have been made. In this way, the relation of architecture and urban identity, gains a human dimension. Hence, acceptability of new buildings to be built; as much as the city's ancient physical heritage, its harmony with its cultural and historical heritage; by the fact that the people living in the city can address the spirituality. It is possible to follow the traces of this spirituality in the reactive approaches to contemporary interior and façade designs in the universal dimension, built without emulation of the past. However, when viewed from today's perspective, it is now clear that historical structures, which are now cultural treasures, have iconic qualities for their periods. In this study, cities that are changing due to globalization supporting multiculturalism, and the influence of modern architecture; besides their identities that are tried to gain international dimension will be discussed. In this process, the impact of branding on the urban economy and the various design examples from World is also involved in the study.

Being a trend of our times, urbanization of city areas has affected not only transformation of the territorial identity, but also personal identity. The article raises the problem of interaction between the man and the city and the problem of city identity on the whole which is of great urgency and interest for contemporary society. The work provides the overview of foreign research aimed at understanding the nature of the phenomenon of city identity. As a result, the overview showed: a variety of terms ("place identity", "urban identity", "identity in landscape", "city identity", "urban place identity", "local identity", "city brand identity", "regional identity", "territorial identity", "community identity" and others) which help to describe processes of interdependence between the city and the man; authors' attempts to hierarchically structure these notions; the necessity to study this phenomenon by using both methodology of a particular scientific area and interdisciplinary approaches; controversy in defining the notion of urban identity; importance in relation to the need for developing brands of modern cities without loss of their historic and socio-cultural uniqueness. Characteristic aspects of the study of the phenomenon from the point of view of various approaches are shown. Two main lines for studying the nature of the phenomenon of urban identity have been defined: the first one is that the identity belongs to the city or geographical place, the other one says that the identity belongs to the person living in a particular area. The authors consider information and communication policy as an integrative way unleashing new opportunities for organizing theoretical-empirical analysis of this phenomenon. Strategies for further study of the issues relating to urban identity have been formulated: 1) analysis of national surveys on the problem; 2) defining and detailing of the research vocabulary for this phenomenon; 3) preparation and carrying out the research in the context of the region.

The article discusses the problem of place affecting urban identity formation. The granite-lined embankment of the Tura River becomes a factor in reassembling urban identity and forming new urban sensuousness for the residents of Tyumen. The identity of Tyumen has long oscillated between the provinciality of the “village capital” and the nomadism of the “hub city”, serving as a transit point to service the oil and gas industry. Nowadays, city residents perceive the embankment not only as a sign of Tyumen’s integration into a modern urban context, but also as a metaphor for the escape from the boggy swamp of uncertainty to the terra firma of solid granite. The technological characteristics of the four-tier embankment (its height and length) mark it as an outstanding engineering structure. The visual excessiveness of the embankment, framing the banks of a small river, makes it a source of pride for the citizens. To clarify the process of urban identity formation, the authors introduce the term “urban hubris”. There are multiple connotations of the hubris concept, ranging from “pride” to “transgression of one’s own destiny”. In this article, urban hubris refers not only to specific traits of people initiating megaprojects but to transgressive change in urban identity. This change can be triggered by fundamentally new strategies in city design or, as in this case, by a large-scale urban development project, conveying new city images, creating new public spaces, changing citizens’ daily practices, and, ultimately, transforming their urban identity.

Patrimony for Peace:

The mutual influence and creative connections between folklore and oral art of the Turkic peoples are a broad problem. One important aspect of this urgent problem is the study of the motive of the inheritance of the younger son in the folk tales of the Turkic peoples. The study of folk tale characters is crucial for elucidating the artistic foundation of this kind of folklore work because different artistic expression techniques are employed in their portrayal. The study’s object is folk tales of the Turkic peoples. The subject is the motive of the younger son’s inheritance in Turkic folklore, its structure, symbolism, and cultural and social significance. Through structural and symbolic analysis, the study aims to identify the characteristics, cultural significance, and evolution of the motive behind the younger son’s inheritance in Turkic folktales. The description and analysis use comparative-typological, structural-semiotic, and historical-cultural textual analysis techniques. The study’s findings indicate that even though the younger son usually faces difficult circumstances, his skills, courage, and hard work enable him to succeed. This motive highlights the value of social connections and family ties in traditional society in addition to illuminating the hero’s personal traits. The study’s findings can be applied to the compilation of Turkic folktale catalogs as well as to additional research on the poetics and style of Turkic folktales.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the urban identity of youth as a resource for the development of the territory and to reveal the directions of using youth urban identity in territorial development strategies. The methodological basis of the study is determined by the complex characteristics of the object and the subject of the study. The research was conducted on the basis of the deductive-inductive method, the comparative method, and hermeneutic analysis. The results of the study. Urban space is characterized by increasing complexity, improving the planning, technical, and cultural aspects of city life, which determines the priority of the youth environment as the foundation for innovative processes inherent in a modern city. It is shown that the urban identity of youth is a complex multifaceted phenomenon combining emotional attachment, cognitive representations and individual practices. It is concluded that urban identity is a resource in territorial development strategies, where youth acts not only as an object, but also as an active actor of urban change. For the effective use of the urban identity of youth in the strategy of territorial development, institutional approaches and managerial decisions are needed at all levels of government, which will ensure sustainable channels of participation, generating initiatives in shaping a positive image of the city among young people. The research prospects of the study are to identify the criteria for the formation and functioning of urban identity in various social groups of young people. The study of urban identity also determines the development of the urban environment in terms of the effective use of its resources for human capital.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship among selection attributes, consumption value brand attitude, fun, brand loyalty and quality of life. The subjects of the empirical study were selected by the Korea Fashion Industry Research Institute using the convention sampling method and the quota sampling method for 241 consumers who have purchased brands classified as athleisure within the past year For each variable constructed to verify reliability and validity of the measurement model, reliability tests using Cronbach' alpha were performed using IBM SPSS Win Ver. 23.0. To verify the unidimensionality of the measurements, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 22.0 and a structural equation model to determine the structural relationship between variables. As a result of the study, First, both intrinsic and extrinsic attributes, which are sub-factors of selection attributes, have been shown to have a significant effect on consumption value. Second, consumption value has been shown to have a significant impact on brand attitude and fun. Third, brand attitudes have been shown to have a significant impact on brand loyalty. Finally, fun has been shown to have a significant impact on quality of life.

City is the arena where we identify ourselves and interact with others and our environment; cities are epicentres of interaction, transition and fusion of different communities and their cultures. Thus, it is important to discuss the elements of change and their consequences in architectural - urban spaces and their products in the context of identity. Urban identity can be defined as the impression invoked on its inhabitants by the environmental, historical, sociocultural and spatial values. Both architectural and urban identity have a dynamic structure, susceptive to every change on both social and administrative structure. Both global and national economic fluctuations in the last decades and industrialisation throughout the 20th century caused dramatic and diverse changes in the conditions of life, consumption forms, the perception of time and space consequently transforming architecture and city. The changes in all the different aspects of the city life and structure with time cause transformation of architecture and urban identity. This dynamism caused by changes and new formations in the cultural life and environmental conditions also leads to transforming customs and the ways we occupy/use/live in a place. Consequently, these changes and new social norms that can transform the way we occupy a space and our demands from a place can be asserted. All new requirements caused by these new conditions of urban life transform the existing architecture and spaces. In this presentation, the transformation of the architectural and urban identity of Eskisehir will be discussed through its dynamics like architectural and urban transformation, industry and politics.

Urban identity, defined as the dynamic interplay between individuals and their environment, reciprocally shapes each other within the context of unique and defining characteristics of an urban locale. This concept has served as rich fodder for intellectual discourse, yet practical, applied studies have been restricted to local-scale “place identity” or linked to urban preservation and heritage concepts. Such constraints confine the understanding of urban identity to a retrospective view, leaving its contemporaneous and prospective dimensions underexplored. Furthermore, the multi-dimensional nature of urban identity, encompassing social, cultural, historical, and spatial elements, has rendered it a complex phenomenon to define and measure, leading to its neglect in applied studies. In an era when cities face multifaceted challenges ranging from climate change to socioeconomic disparities, understanding and leveraging urban identity becomes more than a matter of civic pride; it is a strategic necessity. Addressing this, our central research question asks: “Can we develop an integrated and dynamic methodology for assessing urban identity that is applicable to various case studies, accounting for its multifaceted nature and constant evolution, and can this methodology steer urban planning and policy decisions?” To answer these questions in detail, this study was divided into two phases. The first phase identifies and examines descriptive and analytical approaches to identity and urban identity, evaluating processes and highlighting key debates, issues, and gaps. The second phase constructs a methodology for assessing urban identity based on insights from the theoretical analysis. Through this research, three main dimensions in urban identity are unveiled: spatial scale, observer, and the dynamic state over time which framed our proposed methodology. By considering these dimensions and categorising components into material and immaterial dimensions, an enriched view of urban identity, capturing its dynamic and evolving nature is reached. Incorporating seven data collection methods, it classifies urban identity into three distinct states: “stable, fragmented, and lost”, enabling strategic interventions to foster favourable transformations. This methodology serves as a tool to address contemporary challenges such as climate change, socioeconomic disparities, and public safety, thereby transforming the traditional understanding of urban identity.