Abstract
In the Russian Federation, most low-melting clays used in the production of ceramic bricks have a low content of aluminum oxide (Al2O3=12-15%). With such a low content of aluminum oxide in clay materials, it is impossible to obtain bricks of grades M150 and higher from them. For the construction of load-bearing walls of the lower floors of high-rise buildings (15 floors or more), ceramic bricks of the M150-M300 brands are required. In such clay materials, to obtain earthquake-resistant bricks M150 and higher, it is necessary to introduce a thinning agent containing A12O3>50%. Taking into account the reduction of reserves of traditional high-alumina natural raw materials, it is necessary to find new ways to replace it with various types of waste. The experience of advanced foreign countries has shown the technical feasibility of this direction and its application as a tool for protecting the natural environment from pollution. In this paper, instead of natural traditional desiccants, it is proposed to use slag from the smelting of carbon-free ferrochrome containing A12O3=55.8%. As a clay material, substandard beidellite clay was used, which is not suitable for the production of ceramic bricks without thinners. A ceramic earthquake-resistant brick M125-M175 was obtained on the basis of slag from the smelting of carbon-free ferrochrome and substandard clay in the temperature range of 1050-1100oC
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