Лингвистический анализ поэмы С.Е. Есенина «Черный человек»: внутренняя структура и контекст прочтения

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The paper is to study the linguistic potential of a poetic text by the example of S.A. Yesenin’s poem “The Black Man.” The poetic text is considered as a multidimensional structure, the main feature of which is its unity, namely the interaction of all its components (sound and syntactic organization of the text, variability and versatility of the use of lexical meanings). The authors look at the poetic text as a complex interdependent structure, which characterizes the relationship between the phonological, syntactic and lexical organizations of the text. Each level of language or their close interaction can be dominant in the formation of the main idea of the work. The sound side directly affects the form and content, giving the work of S.A. Yesenin the necessary meaning and tonality. Phonetic stylistic techniques create a certain mood: assonance and alliteration. In order to evoke painful and gloomy feelings in the reader, epithets with negative stylistic coloring, metaphors, contextual antonyms, personifications and comparisons are used at the lexical level. As for the syntactic means of expression, the main techniques in this case are refrains, inversion, silence, exclamation and rhetorical question. Thus, the proposed format of the analysis of the poetic text allows you to more clearly reveal the drama of the main idea and feel a special gloomy atmosphere that affects the emotional and psychological perception of the poem by the reader.