Ранняя и поздняя формы задержки роста плода. Факторы риска и осложнения раннего неонатального периода

Abstract

Objective. To study clinical and anamnestic risk factors for the development of complications during the early neonatal period in early- and late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). Patients and methods. This study included 92 patients: 40 with early-onset FGR and 52 with late-onset FGR. The age aspect, medical records, pregnancy and delivery characteristics, complications in the early neonatal period were examined in all patients. Results. Most patients with FGR had complicated somatic and obstetric/gynecological histories. Patients with early-onset FGR were more likely to have chronic arterial hypertension, spontaneous abortion, missed miscarriage, and uterine surgeries. In the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, only patients with early-onset FGR had elevated blood pressure. In the third trimester, patients with early-onset FGR were significantly more likely to develop pre-eclampsia and its complications than patients with late-onset FGR. Patients with early-onset FGR delivered earlier than patients with late-onset FGR, which affected the early neonatal period. Conclusion. The presence of hypertensive complications starting early in pregnancy and the results of biochemical screening tests should be considered as part of the prediction of FGR. Timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gestational complications will improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. Key words: gestational arterial hypertension, fetal growth restriction, late-onset fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, earlyonset fetal growth restriction, chronic arterial hypertension