АКАДЕМИК И.И.ВОРОВИЧ – ИНИЦИАТОР И СОРУКОВОДИТЕЛЬ РАБОТЫ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ ИМИТАЦИОННОЙ МОДЕЛИ ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ

Abstract

Among the mathematical models of marine ecosystems, the simulation model of the Sea of Azov occupies a special place both in terms of the time of creation, and in the detail and adequacy of the description of the ecosystem, and in recognition in the scientific community. The preconditions for the emergence of the idea of system analysis and modeling of the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov, associated with a catastrophic decline by the beginning of the 70s of the last century, of its former record fish productivity are described. The main stages of creating a model are described, the provision of the created models with primary information of field observations over the components of the ecological system of the sea, carried out for 20–40 years by employees of the Azov Research Institute of Fisheries (AzNIIRKh). The choice of the environmental factors taken into account, the ecosystem components taken into account, is substantiated, the blocks of the model are listed, the interaction of which is the reproduction of the functioning of the ecological system of the sea. The reasons for choosing the time step are presented, the technology of conducting simulation experiments with the model is described. It was noted that a comprehensive testing of the intermediate results of modeling the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov was carried out at numerous scientific seminars and conferences, including the annual All-Russian conference “Mathematical Modeling in Problems of Environmental Management” established in 1973 and continuing to this day. The main scientific and practical results obtained are described, including the formulation of the generalized Le Chatelier – Brown principle for the Sea of Azov ecosystem, the definition of the concepts of “critical surfaces” and “critical modes” in the parameter space of the ecosystem model. The reactions of the ecosystem to disturbances of the tuning parameters are analyzed, the principle of localization of disturbances is formulated, the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov was considered as a control system