МЕТОДИКА РАСЧЕТА ВОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ПО ПРОИЗВОДСТВУ МОЛОЧНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ С УЧЕТОМ ПЕРЕРАБАТЫВАЕМОГО СЫРЬЯ И ПРОИЗВОДИМОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ

Abstract

Regulation of water use at industrial enterprises, especially at water-intensive enterprises, in a changing climate is an important economic and environmental task. One of the ways of sustainable water use at enterprises is the constant planning of water consumption and wastewater disposal in relation to the volumes and types of products produced. From a scientific point of view, at water-intensive enterprises, the most reasonable approach to optimizing water use is the development of individual technological standards for water use (water consumption and disposal). Dairy enterprises are quite water- intensive, the water use of which depends on a number of factors: assortment of raw materials for the production of products and types of products; diversification of production processes; the formation and processing of by-products, which often leads to an increase in the volume of wastewater formation in relation to the volume of water consumption; technologies for sanitizing equipment. Taking into account the specifics of production processes, a Methodology for calculating water use for enterprises for the production of dairy products, taking into account the processed raw materials and manufactured products, has been developed. The Methodology substantiates the need to change the terminology in terms of water use rationing, developed criteria for choosing two approaches to the development of individual technological standards for water use, detailed articles of water consumption and water disposal, and clarified certain parameters for their calculation. Approbation of the Methodology showed that the proposed approaches and individual parameters for calculating water use items allow the enterprise to more accurately predict the volumes of water consumption and wastewater disposal when planning production activities, which is especially important for water-intensive industries in conditions of limited available water resources.