Значение подтипа почвы и силы роста подвоя для экономической эффективности производства плодов яблони в Тамбовской области

Abstract

The influence of the soil subtype on the yield of the apple tree was studied in the conditions of the north of the Tambov region. Changing the soil subtype during the growing of an apple tree under these conditions can lead to an increase or decrease in apple yield and the fruit production profitability level by half. The transition from semi-dwarf to medium-sized apple rootstocks leads to an increase in direct costs and a decrease in the profitability level by half, subject to the successful combination of soil subtype with rootstock. The growing of apple trees on a rootstock 62-396 in the northern part of the Tambov region is most profitable, subject to their allocation on leached black earth soil and meadow black earth soil (profitability - 84.7...145.3%). The cultivation of apple trees on a rootstock 54-118 in the north of the Tambov region is most profitable, subject to their allocation on podzolized black earth soil and gray forest soil (profitability - 59.8...142.7%). The production of apple fruits on medium-sized rootstocks 54-118 is less profitable or unprofitable, subject to the allocation of apple trees on waterlogged meadow black earth soils. Keywords: APPLE TREES, VARIETY, SOIL, ROOTSTOCK, EFFICIENCY, YIELD