СОЗРЕВАНИЕ ЗЕРНА ЯРОВОЙ ТВЁРДОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В СВЯЗИ С ПОГОДНЫМИ ФАКТОРАМИ И ПРИЁМАМИ АГРОТЕХНИКИ В ОРЕНБУРГСКОМ ПРИУРАЛЬЕ

Abstract

The aim of the study is to increase the yield of spring durum wheat in the Orenburg Urals. Spring hard wheat makes more demands on the temperature region during the formation and filling of grain. Due to the growing aridity conditions of the second half of the growing season, when the grain falls asleep, have become more unfavorable. As you know, the nature of the filling, favorable weather conditions in this period are determined by the yield and quality of grain. The studies were carried out in 2016-2018 in the Central zone of the Orenburg region on chernozems ordinary in two stages of the main tillage. Weather conditions contrasted sharply. The research method is a field experiment. Experience and research were conducted according to conventional methods. Analysis of the grain samples was performed using a laboratory balance Adam NSV 602N and furnace SESH-3M. Mathematical analysis was performed in the program Statistica 6.0. It is established that the duration of grain loading in the study area depends on the weather conditions of the year, ranging from 20-21 days to 31 days. The growth rate of dry matter accumulation in durum wheat grain is observed in the air temperature range 18.7-26.2°C, followed by an increase in temperature reduces the increase. Amid the subsurface processing plowed fields, reducing grain moisture is less intense: 10 grade Orenburg-plowing is of 0.99 – 2.46% on a day, subsurface tillage-0.80 – 2.50% daily; cultivar bezenchukskaya 210 – plowing 1.64-of 2.34%, subsurface tillage-1.03-2.32%.