Урізноманітнення лекцій з історії зарубіжної літератури у закладах вищої освіти педагогічного спрямування (на матеріалі творчості Бруно Шульца)

Abstract

In this scientific study, the experience acquired at the Philological Faculty of Donbas State Pedagogical University (Sloviansk, Ukraine) in the diversification of lectures on History of Foreign Literature based on the material of the creative work of one of the most original Polish writers of the 20th century, Bruno Schulz, is discussed. The author of the paper has proposed and characterized the following forms of diversification of lectures on Foreign Literature in institutions of higher education: prospective and anticipatory cognitive tasks of the lecture, among which tasks of a biographical or literary nature are distinguished; multifaceted independent home pre-lecture studies, in particular of a creative nature; registration and organization of the lecture passport; innovative book lecture exhibitions; “translation laboratory” as a structural component of the lecture; graphic organizers; online tours as fragments of a lecture; speeches of higher education applicants in the role of a lecturer; reception of “mirror audience”; musical accompaniment of individual parts of the lecture, etc. All these (and not only) forms, techniques / methods of organizing university lectures are characterized in detail in the applied aspect: numerous options for diversifying lectures on History of Foreign Literature on the basis of the study of the biography and creative heritage of the original and extraordinary Bruno Schulz, a talented and mysterious Galician writer of the first half of the 20th century. Each lecturer’s creation of his/her teaching system is a continuous process that never ends. The lecturer must listen to himself/herself, his/her intuition and mood, which tells him/her about the effectiveness of certain forms, techniques/methods of organizing lecture classes, because he/she has an orientation towards training specialists of the new generation, capable of active professional life under the conditions of innovative development of modern Ukrainian society.