Влияние нутритивного статуса на течение и исходы острых респираторных заболеваний у детей, протекающих с поражением нижних отделов респираторного тракта

Abstract

The article discusses the effects of nutrition in children on the course and outcomes of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) affecting the lower respiratory tract. The clinical pathogenic aspects of the severe course of respiratory infections (including community-acquired pneumonia) in infants younger than 1 year of age with protein-energy malnutrition based on the recent foreign published data are addressed. The data on the association between nutrition prior to the onset of ARI and the course of bronchiolitis are uncovered. It was demonstrated that a child’s organism experiences protein deficiency during the acute fever resulting from reduced nutritional intake, increased protein loss, and the changes in protein metabolism. This leads to immune dysfunction. The authors report that all children older than 1 year of age who were admitted to hospitals with ARIs are underweight. Considering this, the development of diet correction algorithms using sipine products in children older than 1 year of age with the acute stage of respiratory infections is a relevant and littleknown issue. In addition to the correction of protein, fat, and carbohydrate composition of nutrition, a complex approach using vitamin mineral complexes, probiotics, and prebiotics is required. KEYWORDS: nutritional status, acute respiratory infections, community-acquired pneumonia, children older than 1 year of age, proteinenergy malnutrition. FOR CITATION: Kremplevskaya S.P., Muzyka A.D., Melekhina E.V. et al. Effect of nutritional status on the course and outcomes of acute respiratory infections in children affecting the lower respiratory tract. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):691–697. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-691-697.