Abstract
The authors review recent experimental data about relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low absorbed doses (0.01–0.5 Gy) from fast neutrons and accelerated multicharged ions currently accepted as career limits for cosmonauts from the standpoint of late effects risk mitigation. According to the new radiobiological findings, literary maximum values of the RBEM coefficients for low doses and dose rates are increased two or three times for late cytogenetic effects; benign cell transformation and tumor risks; lifetime reduction; disorders in the brain cortex neurons and damages to organs; lenticular opacity and cataract. The analysis-based revision of the quality coefficients – linear energy transfer (LET) relationship leads to a considerable increase of equivalent doses received from galactic cosmic rays and fast neutrons, and calculated total radiation risk over cosmonaut's lifetime.
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